SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AS A CATALYST FOR WOMEN'S ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT IN RURAL AREAS: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Abstract

This study examines the role of social entrepreneurship in empowering rural women in Malaysia, addressing gender and economic disparities. It highlights how social enterprises promote economic independence, skill development, and access to markets and networks, while reshaping traditional gender roles in these communities. A conceptual framework is proposed to understand these mechanisms. Using Empowerment Theory and Social Capital Theory, the research analyses existing theoretical models and empirical data. Findings reveal that women-led social enterprises, particularly in agriculture and handicrafts, have seen a 30% revenue increase in the past two years. These ventures not only enhance women's financial independence but also contribute to sustainable community development and challenge societal norms around gender roles. The study emphasizes the transformative potential of social entrepreneurship and its implications for policymakers, NGOs, and educators. It calls for continued support to ensure the sustainability of these initiatives, which are vital for promoting economic empowerment and gender equality in rural Malaysia.