KEBEBASAN BERSUARA MENURUT AL-QURAN: ANALISIS TAFSIR MAWDU'I DAN ISU KONTEMPORARI DI MALAYSIA
FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION ACCORDING TO THE QUR'AN: A THEMATIC EXEGESIS ANALYSIS AND CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN MALAYSIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35631/IJEMP.934002Keywords:
Al-Quran, Kebebasan Bersuara (Freedom of Expression), Malaysia, Tafsir Mawdu'i, Wasatiyyah, Thematic ExegesisAbstract
Kebebasan bersuara merupakan hak asasi yang diiktiraf oleh Islam namun perbincangan tentang batasannya dalam konteks Malaysia masih kurang berpandukan analisis teks al-Quran secara sistematik. Kajian ini mengkaji kebebasan bersuara menurut al-Quran melalui pendekatan tafsir mawdu'i, menganalisis batasannya melalui kes G25 Malaysia dan Sisters in Islam serta menilai kesesuaian kerangka wasatiyyah sebagai penyelesaian. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui analisis dokumen dengan menghimpunkan ayat-ayat al-Quran berkaitan tema kebebasan bersuara daripada kitab-kitab tafsir muktabar iaitu Al-Tabari, Ibn Kathir, Al-Zuhayli dan Quraish Shihab. Analisis tematik Braun dan Clarke turut digunakan untuk menilai kes-kes kontemporari yang berkaitan. Dapatan kajian mengenal pasti tiga kelompok prinsip kebebasan bersuara dalam al-Quran iaitu kelompok pengiktirafan hak bersuara, kelompok etika bersuara dan kelompok hikmah dalam berdialog. Analisis terhadap kes G25 dan Sisters in Islam mendapati bahawa kedua-dua pertubuhan ini mempunyai sandaran yang sah dalam kerangka al-Quran untuk menyuarakan pandangan mereka namun cara penyampaian dan metodologi yang digunakan turut menentukan kesahan hak bersuara tersebut dari sudut Islam. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahawa kerangka wasatiyyah berpotensi menjadi landasan penyelesaian yang seimbang dan berpandukan wahyu dalam menangani ketegangan berkaitan hak bersuara di Malaysia. Kajian ini menyumbang kepada literatur sedia ada dengan menggabungkan pendekatan tafsir mawdu'i, kerangka wasatiyyah dan analisis kes kebebasan bersuara dalam konteks sosio-perundangan Malaysia secara bersepadu.
Freedom of expression is a fundamental right recognised by Islam, yet discussions on its boundaries in the Malaysian context remain insufficiently grounded in systematic Qur'anic textual analysis. This study examines freedom of expression according to the Qur'an through the thematic exegesis approach, analyses its boundaries through the cases of G25 Malaysia and Sisters in Islam, and evaluates the suitability of the wasatiyyah framework as a resolution to existing tensions. A qualitative approach through document analysis was employed, gathering Qur'anic verses related to the theme of freedom of expression from authoritative exegetical works including Al-Tabari, Ibn Kathir, Wahbah al-Zuhayli and Quraish Shihab. Thematic analysis by Braun and Clarke was also utilised to evaluate relevant contemporary cases. The findings identify three clusters of principles governing freedom of expression in the Qur'an, namely recognition of speech rights, ethics of expression, and wisdom in dialogue. Analysis of the two cases reveals that both organisations are grounded in Qur'anic principles in voicing their views, although the manner of expression and methodology employed also determine the legitimacy of that right from an Islamic perspective. This study concludes that the wasatiyyah framework holds potential as a balanced framework grounded in Qur'anic guidance for addressing tensions related to freedom of expression in Malaysia. This study contributes to existing literature by integrating thematic exegesis, the wasatiyyah framework, and case analysis of freedom of expression within the Malaysian socio-legal context.
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