INISIATIF PELAKSANAAN AKTIVITI ASNAFPRENEUR OLEH INSTITUSI ZAKAT DALAM PEMBENTUKAN CIRI KEUSAHAWANAN DI KALANGAN PENERIMA ZAKAT
IMPLEMENTATION OF ASNAFPRENEUR DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVES BY ZAKAT INSTITUTIONS: FOSTERING ENTREPRENEURIAL CHARACTERISTICS AMONG ZAKAT BENEFICIARIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35631/IJEMP.934035Keywords:
Asnafpreneur, Cabaran (Challenge), Pemerkasaan (Empowerment), ZakatAbstract
Institusi zakat di Malaysia memainkan peranan penting dalam memperkasakan golongan asnaf melalui pelbagai program pembangunan keusahawanan yang bertujuan meningkatkan taraf sosioekonomi mereka. Walau bagaimanapun, kajian yang meneliti secara mendalam bagaimana inisiatif institusi zakat membentuk ciri keusahawanan dalam kalangan asnafpreneur masih terhad. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti aktiviti asnafpreneur serta menilai inisiatif pelaksanaan aktiviti institusi zakat dalam membentuk ciri keusahawanan penerima zakat. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui temu bual separa berstruktur dengan 25 orang asnafpreneur daripada lima buah negeri di Malaysia serta analisis dokumen. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik bagi mengenal pasti tema-tema utama. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa bantuan modal, latihan, bimbingan, pameran produk dan jaringan perniagaan berjaya meningkatkan pembangunan perniagaan, keyakinan diri, peluang pekerjaan dan mengurangkan kebergantungan terhadap bantuan zakat. Di samping itu, inovasi dan adaptasi teknologi dikenal pasti sebagai faktor penting dalam meningkatkan daya saing perniagaan. Dari sudut implikasi praktikal, kajian ini membantu institusi zakat memperkukuh program pembangunan asnafpreneur melalui sokongan yang lebih holistik dan berterusan. Dari sudut implikasi dasar, kajian ini mencadangkan pelaksanaan program mentoring jangka panjang, sistem pemantauan prestasi berasaskan KPI, penubuhan dana pusingan (revolving fund), serta pengukuhan kerjasama strategik dengan SME Corporation Malaysia dan MARA bagi memastikan kelestarian ekosistem keusahawanan asnaf.
Zakat institutions in Malaysia play an important role in empowering the asnaf through various entrepreneurship development programmes aimed at improving their socioeconomic status. However, studies that comprehensively examine how the initiatives of zakat institutions shape the entrepreneurial characteristics of asnafpreneurs remain limited. Therefore, this study aims to identify the activities of asnafpreneurs and evaluate the implementation initiatives of zakat institutions in shaping the entrepreneurial characteristics of zakat recipients. This study employed a qualitative approach through semi-structured interviews with 25 asnafpreneurs from five states in Malaysia, complemented by document analysis. The data were analysed using thematic analysis to identify the main themes. The findings indicate that financial assistance, training, guidance, product exhibitions, and business networking successfully enhanced business development, self-confidence, employment opportunities, and reduced dependency on zakat assistance.In addition, innovation and technology adoption were identified as important factors in enhancing business competitiveness. From a practical perspective, this study assists zakat institutions in strengthening asnafpreneur development programmes through more holistic and continuous support. From a policy perspective, this study recommends the implementation of long-term mentoring programmes, a KPI-based performance monitoring system, the establishment of a revolving fund, and strengthened strategic collaboration with SME Corporation Malaysia and MARA to ensure the sustainability of the asnaf entrepreneurship ecosystem.
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