CABARAN DALAM PEMBANGUNAN KERJAYA GOLONGAN GAY DAN TRANSGENDER: SUATU KERTAS KONSEPTUAL: CHALLENGES IN CAREER DEVELOPMENT AMONG GAY AND TRANSGENDER INDIVIDUALS: A CONCEPTUAL PAPER - Husin, Muhammad Khairul Afendi; Abdullah, Siti Salina; Husain, Zuhda (INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EDUCATION, PSYCHOLOGY AND COUNSELLING (IJEPC), 2025)
Golongan gay dan transgender di Malaysia berhadapan dengan pelbagai cabaran dalam pembangunan kerjaya, khususnya melibatkan isu diskriminasi, stigma sosial, motivasi pekerjaan, serta konflik berkaitan pendapatan dan kelangsungan kerjaya. Artikel ini merupakan kertas konseptual yang bertujuan untuk membincangkan pelbagai cabaran tersebut berdasarkan sorotan literatur dan kerangka teori pembangunan kerjaya. Perbincangan ini menumpukan kepada pengaruh faktor identiti diri dan persepsi persekitaran terhadap pengalaman kerjaya, serta implikasinya terhadap sokongan organisasi, dasar inklusif, dan intervensi kaunseling kerjaya. Huraian ini memberi implikasi kepada kaunselor kepelbagaian budaya, kaunselor kerjaya, serta pihak berkepentingan dalam merancang intervensi kerjaya yang lebih inklusif, empatik, dan selaras dengan keperluan golongan minoriti seksual serta jantina. Gay and transgender individuals in Malaysia encounter various challenges in career development, particularly those related to discrimination, social stigma, workplace motivation, and conflicts concerning income and career sustainability. This conceptual paper aims to examine these challenges through a review of the literature and career development frameworks. The discussion highlights how personal identity and environmental perceptions influence career experiences, as well as the implications for organizational support, inclusive policies, and career counselling interventions. The paper offers insights for multicultural counsellors, career practitioners, and stakeholders in formulating career interventions that are more inclusive, empathetic, and aligned with the needs of sexual and gender minorities.