INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EDUCATION, PSYCHOLOGY AND COUNSELLING (IJEPC)

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KECENDERUNGAN PELAJAR ASNAF MEMILIH BIDANG PENGAJIAN DI KOLEJ VOKASIONAL PERLIS: ANALISIS REGRESI BERGANDA

2025-07-21T10:53:12+08:00

Pendidikan vokasional memainkan peranan penting dalam menyediakan pelajar dengan kemahiran praktikal yang diperlukan untuk memasuki pasaran buruh. Namun, situasi yang berlaku hari ini ialah berlakunya peningkatan kadar pengangguran berikutan ketidaksepadanan kemahiran di pasaran buruh. Fenomena ini terjadi ketika tahap dan kemahiran sumber manusia tidak sepadan dengan keperluan tenaga buruh semasa. Ketidaksepadanan kemahiran ini disebabkan jangkaan kemahiran di pihak pengamal pendidikan tidak selari dengan keperluan industri. Bertitik tolak daripada itu, kajian ini akan meneliti pengenalpastian hubungan antara faktor latar belakang, minat, kualiti pendidikan dan keperluan industri serta bantuan dan sokongan dengan kecenderungan pelajar asnaf dalam memilih bidang pengajian di Kolej Vokasional. Dalam konteks ini, pemahaman kecenderungan pelajar asnaf dalam memilih program wajar menjadi fokus utama dalam usaha mencapai kejayaan dalam pendidikan vokasional di Perlis. Seramai 124 orang pelajar asnaf telah dipilih sebagai responden kajian melalui kaedah persampelan bertujuan. Data dikumpul menggunakan borang soal selidik dan dianalisis secara deskriptif dan inferensi menggunakan analisis korelasi Pearson dan regresi linear berganda. Berdasarkan analisis korelasi, dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa kualiti pendidikan dan keperluan industri (r = 0.68) serta minat pelajar (r = 0.62) mempunyai hubungan yang kuat dengan kecenderungan pemilihan bidang pengajian. Bantuan dan sokongan (r = 0.51) menunjukkan hubungan sederhana, manakala latar belakang keluarga (r = 0.34) menunjukkan hubungan lemah. Ini membuktikan bahawa pemilihan bidang pengajian pelajar asnaf lebih banyak dipengaruhi oleh faktor dalaman dan kebolehpasaran bidang berbanding faktor latar belakang keluarga. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan faktor kualiti pendidikan dan keperluan industri dikenal pasti sebagai pemboleh ubah paling dominan (β = 0.52, p < 0.001), diikuti minat (β = 0.39) dan bantuan dan sokongan (β = 0.21). Sebaliknya, latar belakang keluarga tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan (β = 0.11, p > 0.05). Model regresi kajian ini menjelaskan 56% varians kecenderungan pelajar terhadap pemilihan bidang pengajian. Kajian ini mencadangkan agar pihak institusi dan pembuat dasar memberi penekanan terhadap pengukuhan minat pelajar, penyediaan bantuan kewangan serta sokongan sosial dan akademik untuk menyokong keputusan pengajian pelajar asnaf secara lebih menyeluruh.

Vocational education plays a crucial role in equipping students with the practical skills necessary to enter the labour market. However, a growing concern today is the rising unemployment rate due to skill mismatches in the workforce. This phenomenon occurs when the level and type of human resource skills do not align with the current demands of the labour market. Such skill mismatches arise when the expectations of education providers are not in line with industry needs. Arising from this issue, the present study aims to examine the relationship between background factors, interest, quality of education and industry needs, as well as assistance and support, with the tendency of asnaf students in selecting fields of study at Vocational Colleges.In this context, understanding the tendency of asnaf students in choosing their programmes should be a key focus in efforts to achieve success in vocational education in Perlis. A total of 124 asnaf students were selected as respondents through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analysed descriptively and inferentially through Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression analyses. Based on the correlation analysis, the findings revealed that the quality of education and industry needs (r = 0.68) as well as students' interest (r = 0.62) demonstrated strong relationships with the tendency to choose a field of study. Assistance and support (r = 0.51) showed a moderate relationship, while family background (r = 0.34) exhibited a weak relationship. These findings indicate that asnaf students' choices of fields of study are more strongly influenced by internal factors and the marketability of the field rather than by family background. Furthermore, the study identified quality of education and industry needs as the most dominant predictors (β = 0.52, p < 0.001), followed by students' interest (β = 0.39) and assistance and support (β = 0.21). In contrast, family background did not show a significant relationship (β = 0.11, p > 0.05). The regression model explained 56% of the variance in students’ tendencies towards their choice of field. This study suggests that institutions and policymakers should prioritise the strengthening of students' interest, the provision of financial assistance, and the enhancement of both social and academic support to more comprehensively facilitate asnaf students' educational decisions.

SOKONGAN KELUARGA SEBAGAI PEMBOLEH UBAH PENYEDERHANA UNTUK MEMUPUK MINAT BAGI SUBJEK SAINS DALAM KALANGAN PELAJAR ASNAF

2025-08-12T12:02:27+08:00

Minat dalam kalangan pelajar terhadap subjek Sains di Malaysia masih menunjukkan tahap yang kurang memuaskan, khususnya dalam kalangan pelajar daripada keluarga berpendapatan rendah seperti golongan asnaf. Statistik daripada Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia mengesahkan adanya penurunan dalam penyertaan pelajar aliran STEM (Sains, Teknologi, Kejuruteraan, dan Matematik) serta perbezaan prestasi ketara antara pelajar dari latar sosioekonomi rendah berbanding rakan sebaya mereka. Antara faktor penyumbang kepada situasi ini termasuklah kekangan dari segi kemudahan pembelajaran, kurang pendedahan kepada pengalaman saintifik yang bermakna, serta tekanan dari aspek emosi dan sosial yang menghalang perkembangan minat terhadap Sains. Bagi menangani isu ini, kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengkaji bagaimana sokongan keluarga boleh berperanan sebagai pemboleh ubah penyederhana yang mempengaruhi hubungan antara sikap dan motivasi pelajar terhadap minat mereka dalam subjek Sains. Kajian memfokuskan kepada pelajar asnaf di negeri Perlis dan disandarkan kepada tiga pendekatan teori utama. Pertama, Teori Perancangan Tingkah Laku (TPB) yang meneliti bagaimana sikap dan niat boleh mendorong pembentukan tingkah laku. Kedua, Teori Motivasi Kendiri (SDT) yang menekankan pentingnya elemen seperti autonomi dan kecekapan kendiri dalam merangsang motivasi dalaman. Ketiga, Teori Sokongan Sosial yang memberi perhatian kepada pengaruh sokongan emosi dan bantuan praktikal keluarga dalam pembangunan akademik pelajar. Pendekatan kuantitatif digunakan dalam kajian ini, di mana instrumen soal selidik diedarkan kepada 200 pelajar asnaf di peringkat sekolah rendah dan menengah. Analisis data dijalankan melalui kaedah regresi bagi menentukan hubungan antara pemboleh ubah bebas (sikap dan motivasi) dengan pemboleh ubah bersandar (minat terhadap Sains), serta peranan sokongan keluarga sebagai pemboleh ubah penyederhana. Keputusan analisis menunjukkan bahawa sikap dan motivasi pelajar mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan minat terhadap subjek Sains. Di samping itu, sokongan daripada keluarga didapati memperkukuhkan hubungan ini, membuktikan kepentingannya sebagai pengaruh luaran yang utama. Hasil kajian ini memberi implikasi bahawa pembangunan minat pelajar terhadap Sains, terutamanya dalam kalangan pelajar asnaf, memerlukan pendekatan holistik yang bukan sahaja memupuk kekuatan dalaman tetapi turut melibatkan penyertaan aktif pihak keluarga dalam membentuk pengalaman pembelajaran yang positif dan mampan.

Interest in science subject among Malaysian students remains below the desired level, particularly among those from low-income families, including the asnaf group. Recent data from the Ministry of Education Malaysia highlight a decline in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) participation and a substantial performance gap between students from low socioeconomic backgrounds and their peers. Contributing factors include inadequate learning resources, limited exposure to meaningful scientific experiences, and emotional as well as social pressures that diminish interest in science subject. This study examines the moderating role of family support in the relationship between students’ attitudes, motivation, and their interest in science. Focusing on asnaf students in Perlis, the research is based on three theoretical frameworks: the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), Self-Determination Theory (SDT), and Social Support Theory. A quantitative research design was employed, with survey data collected from 200 asnaf students across primary and secondary school levels. Regression analysis indicated that both attitudes and motivation are significant predictors of interest in science subject, and that family support moderates this relationship. The findings highlight the importance of developing a holistic strategy to enhance engagement and cultivates intrinsic motivation for scientific activities. This study suggests involving families to foster positive and sustainable learning experiences in science subject.

DEVELOPING SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL COMPETENCE TO ENHANCE TEACHER PERFORMANCE IN SCHOOLS: A BIBLIOMETRIC REVIEW

2025-08-07T16:32:18+08:00

This bibliometric review investigates the evolving landscape of research on developing Social-Emotional Competence (SEC) to enhance teacher performance in schools. SEC is increasingly recognized as a foundational element in fostering teacher well-being, classroom management, and student academic success. However, the literature on this topic remains dispersed, lacking a cohesive synthesis of research trends, collaborations, and thematic developments. The study aims to address this gap by systematically analyzing scholarly output using data extracted from the Scopus database. A total of 881 peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and May 2025 were selected based on refined inclusion criteria. Data cleaning was performed using OpenRefine, while Scopus Analyzer provided insights into annual publication trends, top contributing countries, and citation metrics. VOSviewer was employed to map co-authorship networks, keyword co-occurrences, and collaborative link strengths. The analysis reveals a substantial rise in publication volume after 2020, peaking in 2024, indicating growing global interest in integrating SEC into teacher training and practice. The United States leads in publication count and collaboration strength, followed by China, the United Kingdom, and Australia, reflecting diverse international engagement. Highly cited works highlight the interdisciplinary nature of the field, merging educational psychology, emotional intelligence, and digital learning contexts. Dominant keywords such as “emotions,” “emotional competence,” and “teacher well-being” suggest a research focus on emotional regulation, professional development, and student-teacher relationships. Despite active research growth, limited cross-country collaboration presents opportunities for broader international integration. This review contributes a structured overview of the knowledge base, identifies emerging themes and research gaps, and offers direction for future studies and educational policies aimed at improving teacher performance through social-emotional development.

FINANCIAL LITERACY EDUCATION AMONG ASNAF STUDENTS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS: EVIDENCE FROM PERLIS

2025-07-21T10:37:41+08:00

It is especially important for young Asnaf students to acquire the financial knowledge necessary for them to make informed decisions that can positively impact their life trajectories. This study investigated the level of financial literacy among Asnaf students in secondary schools across Perlis. Financial literacy is assessed through three core dimensions: financial knowledge, financial behaviour, and financial attitudes. A total of 400 respondents were selected from various secondary schools in Perlis. Data were collected using questionnaires, and descriptive analyses were conducted using SPSS. The findings revealed that while the surveyed students demonstrated a moderate level of financial knowledge, their financial behaviour and attitudes were at a high level. These results contributed to an overall high level of financial literacy. Consequently, the study highlights the need for schools, educators, and policymakers to implement targeted initiatives that not only improve financial knowledge but also maintain and enhance positive financial behaviours and attitudes.

PLANTING THE GOOD SEEDS OF DHAMMA: AN INITIAL STUDY ON SUNDAY DHAMMA SCHOOL (SDS) IN THAN HSIANG TEMPLE

2025-08-10T15:28:07+08:00

Buddhist education has an important role in nurturing the young talents of the Buddhist community. The Dhamma school or Dhamma class is an important platform for laypeople to learn the Buddha’s teachings towards the path of enlightenment. The Than Hsiang Sunday Dhamma School was selected as a case study to demonstrate the contribution of the amma class to individuals and the community. Based on the Four Convictions: “The Young to Learn; The Strong and Healthy to Serve; The Aged and Sick to be Cared for; and The Departed to Find Spiritual Destination,” Than Hsiang’s educational initiatives aim to nurture positive character traits in children and teenagers, foster harmonious parent-child relationships, and cultivate a sense of goodness. This paper will take an initial study of the running of the Sunday Dhamma School in Than Hsiang Temple, to explore the operation of a Sunday Dhamma School in a local Chinese Buddhist organisation in Malaysia through its objectives, curriculum, implementation, activities and members. The quality of dhamma classes relies on three important elements, namely the practitioners, the contents, and the targets. This paper employs a case-study approach, drawing on participatory observations and interviews with leaders, committee members, staff, teachers, and volunteers on their experience with the dhamma classes. The study underscores the Dhamma class’s significant effort in planting good seeds among the Buddhist community, ensuring the preservation and growth of Buddhism in the region.

UNVEILING RESEARCH PATTERNS IN PERSONALITY TRAITS: A SYSTEMATIC BIBLIOMETRIC REVIEW

2025-08-07T16:11:36+08:00

Personality traits are pivotal in shaping human behavior and outcomes across diverse contexts, including education, health, work performance, and interpersonal relationships. As interest in this area continues to grow, a substantial body of literature has emerged. However, a structured analysis that captures global publication patterns, research trajectories, and scholarly collaborations remains limited. Thus, this study aims to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of personality traits research published between 2015 and 2025, to identify publication trends, influential authors, geographical distribution, thematic evolution, and international collaboration patterns. This study addresses the gap in understanding how the field has developed over the past decade by analysing 915 documents retrieved from the Scopus database. Data cleaning and normalisation were performed using OpenRefine, while Scopus Analyzer and VOSviewer software were employed to extract and visualise bibliometric indicators. The analysis revealed a consistent increase in publication output, particularly from 2020 onward. Notably, the United States, United Kingdom, and China were the most productive countries, and network visualisations demonstrated strong co-authorship ties across institutions and continents. Citation analysis identified the most influential authors and sources. At the same time, keyword co-occurrence mapping illustrated a thematic shift from trait measurement to applied domains such as well-being, academic achievement, and organisational behaviour. The findings of this study provide a comprehensive overview of the intellectual landscape and evolution of personality traits research, offering valuable insights for scholars, practitioners, and policymakers. By uncovering key trends and research gaps, this bibliometric review serves as a strategic guide for future investigations and fosters more informed, interdisciplinary, and globally collaborative efforts in the field.

SOCIAL INFLUENCE AND INTENTION TO PURSUE HIGHER EDUCATION AMONG ASNAF STUDENTS IN MALAYSIA

2025-07-21T10:21:57+08:00

This study aims to examine the influence social influence (family and peer) factors on the intention to pursue higher education among Asnaf students in Perlis. It addresses the need to understand how social influences shape educational aspirations among students from low-income backgrounds. The study uses a quantitative approach based on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyze survey data collected from 418 Asnaf students in 27 listed secondary school in Perlis. The model tests two hypotheses relating to the impact of family influence and peer influence on students' intention to further their education. The results show that family influence has a significant and positive effect on students’ intention to pursue higher education, while peer influence does not show a statistically meaningful impact. These findings highlight the critical role of family in shaping students’ educational decisions within this demographic group. This study contributes to the limited body of research focusing on Asnaf students and provides evidence on the different roles that family and peer relationships play in influencing their higher education intentions. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers and educators to design support strategies that strengthen family engagement in educational planning.

THE ROLE OF SOCIAL OBSTACLES AND THEIR CAUSES IN AFFECTING STUDENTS' ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AND METHODS OF TREATMENT IN THE UAE: STUDENTS OF THE THIRD CYCLE OF ZAYED THE FIRST SCHOOL – MODEL

2025-08-07T17:39:25+08:00

This study examines the impact of social obstacles on the academic achievement of third-cycle students in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and proposes solutions to address these challenges. Using a social survey methodology, data were collected via a questionnaire at Zayed the First School in Abu Dhabi, involving 73 participants, including students, teachers, families, and staff. The study categorizes obstacles into cultural, familial, professional, and self-imposed barriers, highlighting key issues. This includes strained student-teacher relationships, bullying, excessive academic workloads, and extended study hours, negatively impacting students' academic and social development. Additionally, the lack of cultural awareness among some expatriate teachers and family challenges, including neglect, overprotection, or disintegration, undermined students' self-confidence and engagement. The study emphasizes the need for a holistic educational framework that prioritizes students' emotional and social well-being alongside academic growth. Schools must function as socio-educational institutions, fostering collaboration between families and educators to create a supportive and culturally sensitive environment. Open communication is critical for addressing challenges, reinforcing positive behaviors, and ensuring alignment in supporting students. The findings advocate for strategic interventions to enhance social cohesion, emotional support, and cultural understanding, enabling students to thrive academically and socially within a nurturing educational ecosystem.

THE IMPACT OF ZAKAT ASSISTANCE ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF ASNAF IN PERLIS

2025-07-21T11:42:34+08:00

This study investigates the impact of zakat assistance on the academic performance of Asnaf students in the state of Perlis. Grounded in the objective of evaluating the influence of zakat aid on academic outcomes, the study addresses the central research question: What is the impact of zakat assistance on the academic outcomes of Asnaf students? A quantitative research design was employed, and data were collected through a structured questionnaire distributed via Google Forms to a sample of 155 Asnaf students from three selected primary schools in Perlis. The findings reveal a positive correlation between the zakat assistance received and the students’ academic performance. Specifically, students who reported receiving consistent zakat support demonstrated improved academic results, higher motivation, and greater school engagement compared to their peers who received minimal or no assistance. The study suggests that zakat assistance, when allocated effectively, plays a significant role in supporting the educational development of underprivileged students by alleviating financial burdens and providing access to learning resources. These findings underscore the importance of continuous and well-managed zakat distribution to enhance educational equity and contribute to the broader goal of social upliftment among the asnaf community. The study concludes by recommending further research to explore the long-term effects of zakat assistance on academic and socio-economic outcomes across different educational levels.

KENAPA TIDAK MINAT? KEMEROSOTAN PEMILIHAN MATAPELAJARAN STEM DALAM KALANGAN PELAJAR DARI SUDUT PANDANGAN GURU

2025-07-21T10:04:30+08:00

Malaysia masih belum mencapai matlamat nisbah Dasar STEM negara iaitu 60:40 seperti yang telah disasarkan iaitu 60% aliran sains dan teknikal dan 40% aliran sastera/sains sosial. Kajian ini dilaksanakan bagi mengenalpasti tiga objektif yang utama iaitu 1) Faktor-faktor kemerosotan pemilihan matapelajaran STEM, 2) Cabaran dalam PdPc matapelajaran STEM serta 3) Kaedah yang paling sesuai untuk menangani kemerosotan pemilihan matapelajaran STEM. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif iaitu dengan menemubual 5 orang guru di sekolah menengah negeri Perlis. Hasil kajian mendapati terdapat 3 tema faktor kemerosotan matapelajar STEM iaitu aliran sains sukar, silibus sukar dan pelajar tidak minat. Cabaran dalam PdPc pula telah menghasilkan 4 tema iaitu asas STEM pelajar lemah, penguasaan penggunaan teknologi guru rendah, peruntukan untuk eksperimen/projek terhad dan peluang kerjaya STEM kurang dicakna. Cadangan peningkatan pemilihan matapelajaran STEM pula menghasilkan 4 tema iaitu perlunya sokongan ibu bapa kepada anak untuk mengambil matapelajaran STEM, latihan penguasaan silibus matapelajaran STEM kepada guru, sokongan pihak berautoriti dan kolaborasi bersama institusi pendidikan tinggi/agensi tempatan untuk meningkatkan lagi minat pelajar mengambil aliran STEM di sekolah. Kajian ini memberi sumbangan dari segi rujukan garis panduan kepada pemegang untuk mancapai matlamat Dasar STEM Negara yang telah ditetapkan.

Malaysia has yet to achieve the national STEM Policy target ratio of 60:40, which aspires for 60% of students to pursue science and technical streams, and 40% in the arts/social science streams. This study was conducted to identify three main objectives: 1) the factors contributing to the decline in STEM subject selection, 2) the challenges faced in the teaching and learning (PdPc) of STEM subjects, and 3) the most appropriate methods to address the declining interest in STEM subjects. A qualitative approach was employed through interviews with five secondary school teachers in the state of Perlis. The findings revealed three key themes regarding the decline in STEM subject selection: the perception that science streams are difficult, the complexity of the syllabus, and students' lack of interest. Challenges in STEM teaching and learning were categorized into four themes: students’ weak foundation in STEM, teachers’ limited proficiency in using technology, limited funding for experiments and projects, and a lack of awareness about STEM career opportunities. Recommendations to improve STEM subject selection yielded four themes: the need for parental support in encouraging students to choose STEM subjects, targeted training for teachers to master the STEM syllabus, stronger support from relevant authorities, and collaboration with higher education institutions or local agencies to boost students’ interest in pursuing the STEM stream. This study contributes by offering guideline references for stakeholders to achieve the goals set by the National STEM Policy.

THE IMPACT OF DYSLEXIA GAME LEARNING ‘LEXIPLAY’ ON CHILDREN’S LEARNING PROGRESS

2025-08-07T17:13:30+08:00

Dyslexia is a learning disorder that affects children's reading, writing, and comprehension abilities. Various educational interventions, including digital learning tools, have been designed to support dyslexic learners. This study explores the impact of LexiPlay, an interactive dyslexia game learning application, on children’s learning progress. Through a mixed-method approach incorporating quantitative assessments and qualitative feedback, the study evaluates improvements in literacy skills, cognitive engagement, and motivation. The findings suggest that LexiPlay significantly enhances reading fluency, phonemic awareness, and confidence in dyslexic children, indicating its potential as an effective educational tool.

PENDEKATAN KECERDASAN PELBAGAI DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAHIRAN PENULISAN BAHASA INGGERIS MURID B40 DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH NEGERI PERLIS: SUATU TINJAUAN

2025-07-21T11:11:25+08:00

Kajian ini bertujuan meneliti keberkesanan pendekatan Kecerdasan Pelbagai dalam meningkatkan kemahiran penulisan karangan Bahasa Inggeris dalam kalangan murid B40 di sekolah menengah negeri Perlis. Objektif kajian merangkumi dua aspek utama: pertama, mengenal pasti domain kecerdasan pelbagai yang paling dominan dalam kalangan murid B40 yang lemah dalam penulisan Bahasa Inggeris; dan kedua, menilai peningkatan pencapaian penulisan selepas pelaksanaan program intervensi “Smart Score” melalui My English Writing Guide Book (MyEWGB). Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk penyelidikan deskriptif dengan melibatkan 30 orang murid B40 sebagai sampel. Instrumen kajian terdiri daripada soal selidik untuk mengenal pasti jenis kecerdasan dominan serta ujian pra dan pos bagi menilai tahap pencapaian kemahiran penulisan. Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa tiga jenis kecerdasan yang paling dominan ialah kecerdasan intrapersonal, naturalis dan kinestetik. Analisis perbandingan antara keputusan ujian pra dan pos menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam kemahiran penulisan karangan Bahasa Inggeris selepas pelaksanaan program “Smart Score”. Penemuan ini menyokong keberkesanan pendekatan Kecerdasan Pelbagai sebagai strategi pedagogi yang dapat memenuhi keperluan pembelajaran murid secara lebih holistik, khususnya dalam kalangan pelajar daripada kumpulan sosioekonomi rendah. Kajian ini mencadangkan agar guru-guru mempertimbangkan pelaksanaan kaedah pengajaran yang mengambil kira kepelbagaian kecerdasan dalam kalangan pelajar bagi meningkatkan pencapaian akademik secara menyeluruh.

This study investigates the effectiveness of the Multiple Intelligences (MI) approach in enhancing English essay writing skills among B40 students in secondary schools across Perlis. The research focuses on two key objectives: (1) to identify the most dominant MI domains among B40 students with weak English writing skills, and (2) to assess improvements in writing performance following the implementation of the “Smart Score” intervention, delivered through My English Writing Guide Book (MyEWGB). Adopting a descriptive research design, the study involved 30 of B40 students as participants. Data were collected using a questionnaire to determine dominant intelligences, along with pre- and post-tests to measure writing proficiency. Findings revealed that the most dominant intelligences among participants were intrapersonal, naturalistic, and bodily-kinesthetic. A comparative analysis of pre- and post-test results demonstrated a significant improvement in students’ English writing skills after the intervention. The results affirm the potential of the Multiple Intelligences approach as an effective pedagogical strategy that caters to diverse learning needs, especially among students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. The study recommends that educators incorporate intelligence-based instructional methods to foster more inclusive and impactful academic outcomes.

PENGARUH MOTIVASI INTRINSIK DAN EKSTRINSIK TERHADAP PENCAPAIAN SAINS DAN MATEMATIK DALAM KALANGAN PELAJAR ASNAF SEKOLAH MENENGAH DI NEGERI PERLIS

2025-08-12T12:12:11+08:00

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti pengaruh motivasi—baik intrinsik mahupun ekstrinsik—terhadap pencapaian akademik dalam subjek Sains dan Matematik dalam kalangan pelajar asnaf di sekolah menengah di negeri Perlis. Pelajar asnaf, yang berasal daripada latar belakang sosio ekonomi yang kurang berkemampuan, sering berhadapan dengan pelbagai cabaran dalam proses pembelajaran. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui reka bentuk kajian tinjauan. Teknik persampelan bertujuan telah digunakan untuk memilih 300 orang pelajar asnaf dari tiga buah sekolah menengah. Data dikumpul melalui soal selidik berskala Likert yang menilai tahap motivasi intrinsik dan ekstrinsik serta sokongan keluarga dan dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif melalui perisian SPSS versi 27. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa tahap motivasi pelajar terhadap pembelajaran Sains dan Matematik berada pada tahap sederhana, dengan motivasi intrinsik mencatatkan skor min yang sedikit lebih tinggi berbanding motivasi ekstrinsik. Pelajar didapati lebih terdorong oleh matlamat jangka panjang seperti cita-cita kerjaya dan kebanggaan keluarga berbanding ganjaran material atau pujian. Kajian ini merumuskan bahawa tahap motivasi sedia ada masih belum mencukupi untuk membawa peningkatan pencapaian akademik yang signifikan. Oleh itu, intervensi berfokus perlu dirangka bagi meningkatkan motivasi pelajar secara menyeluruh, terutama motivasi intrinsik yang mempunyai kesan jangka panjang terhadap kejayaan akademik. Dapatan kajian ini penting bagi membantu pihak sekolah, pembuat dasar dan institusi berkaitan seperti agensi zakat dalam merancang program pendidikan yang menyeluruh dan bersesuaian dengan keperluan pelajar asnaf. Penglibatan keluarga serta penyediaan pengalaman pembelajaran yang bermakna disarankan sebagai strategi untuk merangsang motivasi dan memperkukuh pencapaian pelajar dalam subjek Sains dan Matematik.

This study aims to examine the influence of both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on academic achievement in Science and Mathematics among asnaf students in secondary schools in the state of Perlis. Asnaf students, who come from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds, often face various challenges in the learning process. The study employed a quantitative approach using a survey research design. Purposive sampling was applied to select 300 asnaf students from three secondary schools. Data were collected through a Likert-scale questionnaire assessing levels of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, as well as family support, and were analysed using descriptive statistics via SPSS version 27. The findings indicate that students’ motivation towards learning Science and Mathematics is at a moderate level, with intrinsic motivation recording a slightly higher mean score compared to extrinsic motivation. Students were found to be more driven by long-term goals such as career aspirations and family pride rather than material rewards or praise. The study concludes that the current level of motivation is insufficient to produce significant improvements in academic achievement. Therefore, targeted interventions should be designed to enhance students’ overall motivation, particularly intrinsic motivation, which has a long-term impact on academic success. The findings of this study are significant in assisting schools, policymakers, and relevant institutions such as zakat agencies in planning comprehensive educational programmes tailored to the needs of asnaf students. Family involvement and the provision of meaningful learning experiences are recommended as strategies to stimulate motivation and strengthen students’ performance in Science and Mathematics.

INTERGENERATIONAL DYNAMICS IN LANGUAGE AND LITERACY: THE INFLUENCE OF GRANDPARENT AND PARENT-CHILD INTERACTIONS ON EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT

2025-08-07T16:43:31+08:00

Early childhood development in language and literacy is influenced by interactions with caregivers. This study examines the differential impacts of grandparent and parent-child interactions on these developmental outcomes using a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 families, including both grandparents and parents of children aged 2 to 5 years, focusing on the nature and frequency of interactions and their perceived impact on children's language and literacy development. The qualitative data revealed distinct interaction styles between grandparents and parents, with grandparents often engaging in storytelling and cultural transmission, while parents focused on structured learning activities. Both types of interactions were perceived to contribute uniquely to children's development. These findings underscore the significant influence of intergenerational interactions on early childhood development, suggesting the need for educational interventions and policies that consider the full range of family dynamics.

CADANGAN MODEL TINGKAH LAKU ISLAM DALAM MEMPERKASAKAN KESEJAHTERAAN PSIKOLOGI PELAJAR MUSLIM DI INSTITUSI PENDIDIKAN TINGGI

2025-07-21T10:45:44+08:00

Pembentukan tingkah laku Islam yang mantap adalah penting dalam memperkasakan kesejahteraan psikologi pelajar Muslim di institusi pendidikan tinggi. Didapati, kajian berkaitan tingkah laku Islam adalah agak terhad berbanding dengan kajian tingkah laku konvensional yang sedia ada dari barat. Oleh itu, kajian ini dijalankan untuk membangunkan model tingkah laku Islam yang boleh menyumbang kepada kesejahteraan psikologi pelajar Muslim di institusi pendidikan tinggi. Pendekatan kualitatif telah digunakan dengan menggunakan teknik analisis kandungan dan temubual terbuka terhadap pelajar pascasiswazah Muslim yang melanjutkan pelajaran di institusi pendidikan tinggi di Perlis. Berdasarkan temubual yang dijalankan, tiga tema utama yang bersesuaian telah dikenalpasti melalui analisis tematik iaitu tingkah laku spiritual, tingkah laku emosi, dan tingkah laku sosial yang berteraskan Islam. Hasil kajian ini akhirnya telah menyumbang kepada pembangunan model tingkah laku Islam dalam memperkasakan kesejahteraan psikologi pelajar Muslim di peringkat pendidikan tinggi. Pelbagai pihak yang berkepentingan boleh merujuk kepada dapatan kajian ini bagi meluaskan skop kajian ini ke peringkat yang lebih meluas.

The formation of solid Islamic behavior is important to strengthening the psychological well-being of Muslim students in higher educational institutions. It was found that the studies on Islamic behaviour are quite limited compared to the existing conventional behavioural studies from the West. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop a model of Islamic behaviour that can contribute to the psychological well-being of Muslim students in higher education institutions. A qualitative approach was utilised using content analysis techniques and open-ended interviews with Muslim postgraduate students pursuing their studies in higher education institutions in Perlis. Based on the interviews conducted, three main themes were identified that were appropriate through thematic analysis, namely spiritual behaviour, emotional behaviour and social behaviour based on Islam. The results of this study have ultimately contributed to the development of an Islamic behaviour model in empowering the psychological well-being of Muslim students in higher education. Various interested parties can refer to the findings of this study to broaden the scope of this study to a wider level.

BRIDGING CULTURES IN HISTORY EDUCATION: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TEACHING METHODS IN CHINA AND MALAYSIA'S UNIVERSITIES

2025-08-10T15:37:51+08:00

This study comparatively analyzes university history teaching methods in China and Malaysia, and explores their efforts in overcoming cultural differences and improving learning effects. China's history teaching is deeply influenced by Confucian educational concepts and tends to be teacher-centered, emphasizing the memory and inheritance of knowledge; while Malaysia, due to its cultural diversity, has gradually adopted a more student-centered teaching model that emphasizes interaction and Participatory teaching methods. Researchers employed a synthesis-sources method in this study. The researchers adopted a comprehensive source approach in this study, integrating multiple documents and cases to provide a comprehensive perspective. Although the educational backgrounds and cultural traditions of the two countries are very different, the study found that they are both committed to promoting students' dynamic understanding of local and global history through innovative teaching strategies to meet the challenges of contemporary education. Interactive discussions in Malaysian classrooms stimulate critical thinking and enhance learning engagement through the exchange of ideas among students. Collaborative analysis projects in Chinese history teaching encourage students to work in groups and share insights, cultivating teamwork and in-depth understanding skills, all of which reflect the characteristics of a dynamic learning environment.

LARGE LANGUAGE MODEL AND HALLUCINATIONS: A BIBLIOMETRIC REVIEW

2025-08-07T16:23:53+08:00

The rapid advancement and widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) have spurred increasing interest in understanding their capabilities and limitations, particularly the phenomenon of "hallucination"—the generation of plausible yet factually incorrect information. This bibliometric review aims to map the scientific landscape and research trends surrounding LLMs and hallucinations within the broader context of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Despite the growing relevance of these issues, the scholarly discourse remains fragmented, necessitating a comprehensive synthesis of the existing literature. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic search using the keywords “LLM,” “hallucination,” and “AI” across the Scopus database. The resulting dataset, comprising 513 relevant publications, was cleaned and standardised using OpenRefine. Further analysis was conducted using Scopus Analyser to identify publication trends, citation patterns, and prolific contributors. Meanwhile, VOSviewer software was employed to construct co-authorship networks, keyword co-occurrence maps, and thematic clusters. The analysis revealed a marked increase in publications post-2020, with a significant concentration of research in computer science, linguistics, and ethics. Keyword mapping highlighted emerging themes such as factual consistency, trustworthiness, and prompt engineering. Co-authorship networks revealed a growing yet still loosely connected research community. These findings suggest that while interest in LLM hallucinations is rising, there is a need for deeper interdisciplinary collaboration and more rigorous evaluation frameworks. This study provides a foundational overview of the current research landscape and identifies critical directions for future investigation, especially in mitigating hallucinations and enhancing the reliability of LLM-generated content.

PENENTUAN KEPENTINGAN RELATIF KRITERIA YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT TERHADAP STEM

2025-07-21T10:32:04+08:00

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi minat pelajar asnaf terhadap subjek Sains, Teknologi, Kejuruteraan dan Matematik (STEM). Lima faktor utama telah dikenal pasti, iaitu Sikap Pelajar, Motivasi Pelajar, Sokongan Ibu Bapa, Kaedah Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran (PdP), serta Konsep Mata Pelajaran STEM. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah Rank Order Centroid (ROC) untuk menentukan pemberat relatif bagi setiap faktor berdasarkan penilaian pakar. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa Kaedah PdP merupakan faktor paling dominan yang mempengaruhi minat pelajar asnaf terhadap subjek STEM, diikuti oleh Sikap Pelajar dan Konsep Mata Pelajaran STEM. Sokongan Ibu Bapa dan Motivasi Pelajar pula didapati memberikan kesan yang lebih sederhana. Hasil analisis ini menekankan kepentingan strategi pengajaran yang berkesan serta pengukuhan faktor dalaman pelajar dalam usaha meningkatkan minat terhadap bidang STEM dalam kalangan pelajar asnaf. Kajian ini mencadangkan agar dapat memberi tumpuan kepada aspek pedagogi dan pembangunan kendiri pelajar untuk merangsang keterlibatan aktif mereka dalam STEM.

This study aims to identify and analyze the factors that influence the interest of Asnaf students in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) subjects. Five main factors have been identified, namely Student Attitude, Student Motivation, Parental Support, Teaching and Learning Methods (T&L), and STEM Subject Concepts. This study uses the Rank Order Centroid (ROC) method to determine the relative weight of each factor based on expert assessment. The study findings show that T&L Methods are the most dominant factor influencing the interest of Asnaf students in STEM subjects, followed by Student Attitude and STEM Subject Concepts. Parental Support and Student Motivation were found to have a more moderate effect. The results of this analysis emphasize the importance of effective teaching strategies and strengthening students' internal factors in an effort to increase interest in STEM fields among Asnaf students. This study suggests that it is possible to focus on pedagogical aspects and students' self-development to stimulate their active involvement in STEM.

HOW THE INTERNAL MOTIVATION AFFECTS THE FACULTY PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT? - ANALYSIS BASED ON THE SEM

2025-08-10T15:12:58+08:00

Based on the perspective of self-determination theory, this study explores the influence mechanism of internal motivation on the faculty professional development, focusing on the three dimensions of identity motivation, social motivation and innovation motivation. Through the establishment of structural equation model (SEM), the empirical analysis of the questionnaire survey of 507 teachers in Guangxi Province, China, found that internal motivation plays an important role in promoting the professional development of teachers. By testing the structural equation model, the standardized path coefficient of identity motivation (IDM) was 0.426, social motivation (SOM) was 0.207, and the path coefficient of innovation motivation (INN) was 0.471, and each path reached high statistical significance (p <0.001). These data not only validate the hypotheses proposed in this study, but also provide strong empirical support for exploring the internal faculty motivation and their impact on professional growth.

KESAN PERMAINAN KECIL BOLA SEPAK TERHADAP FISIOLOGI MURID BERPENDAPATAN RENDAH (B40) DI NEGERI PERLIS

2025-08-05T11:51:18+08:00

Kajian ini menilai kesan permainan kecil terhadap fisiologi dalam kalangan murid berpendapatan rendah (B40). Permainan kecil merupakan pendekatan pedagogi yang bersifat interaktif dan berintensiti tinggi, berupaya meningkatkan keterlibatan serta memberi impak terhadap kesejahteraan fisiologi murid. Kajian ini melibatkan seramai 16 orang murid dengan (min [SP]; umur: 16.39 tahun [0.29] tahun; BMI: 20.1 [3.80]). Subjek kajian menjalani empat sesi permainan kecil bola sepak iaitu dua sesi dengan dorongan lisan (SSGE) dan dua sesi tanpa dorongan lisan (SSGNE). Pengukuran kadar denyutan jantung maksimum (%HRmax) direkod menggunakan alat SportsViz 360 sebagai indikator intensiti fisiologi bagi keempat-empat sesi. Ujian-t berpasangan menunjukkan perbezaan yang signifikan antara SSGE dan SSGNE, di mana SSGE mencatatkan skor yang lebih tinggi dalam %HRmax dan lebih konsisten berbanding SSGNE. Keputusan ini menunjukkan bahawa dorongan lisan mampu meningkatkan rangsangan tindak balas fisiologi yang lebih positif semasa aktiviti fizikal. Kajian ini menyokong penggunaan permainan kecil sebagai kaedah pengajaran atau permainan dalam Pendidikan Jasmani dan sukan permainan, khususnya dalam memperkasa pembangunan holistik murid daripada kelompok sosioekonomi rendah.

This study examines the physiological impact of Small-Sided Games (SSGs) among secondary school students from low-income (B40) backgrounds. SSGs are high-intensity, interactive pedagogical approaches that promote active engagement and can positively influence students’ physiological well-being. A total of 16 students participated in the study (mean [SD]; age: 16.39 [0.29] years; BMI: 20.1 [3.80]). Participants underwent four football-based SSG sessions, including two with verbal encouragement (SSGE) and two without verbal encouragement (SSGNE). Physiological intensity was measured through percentage of maximum heart rate (%HRmax) using the SportsViz 360 device across all sessions. Paired t-tests revealed a statistically significant difference between SSGE and SSGNE, with SSGE yielding higher and more consistent %HRmax values. These findings indicate that verbal encouragement enhances physiological responses during physical activity. The study supports the implementation of SSGs as an effective teaching and engagement tool in physical education and sport-related contexts, particularly for fostering holistic development among students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds.

IMPLIKASI BANTUAN ZAKAT KEDIAMAN TERHADAP PRESTASI AKADEMIK DAN KESELESAAN ASNAF DI PERLIS: SATU ANALISIS DESKRIPTIF DAN INFERENSI

2025-07-21T10:13:21+08:00

Kajian ini meneliti hubungan antara bantuan zakat perumahan dan pencapaian akademik anak-anak asnaf di negeri Perlis, Malaysia, dengan memberi fokus kepada kesejahteraan sosial, pendidikan, dan ekonomi komuniti asnaf. Kajian ini dijalankan berikutan kekurangan penyelidikan yang mengkaji implikasi bantuan zakat terhadap aspek perumahan dan prestasi akademik dalam kalangan keluarga berpendapatan rendah. Objektif utama kajian adalah untuk menilai hubungan reka bentuk dan keselesaan termal dalaman kediaman asnaf bantuan zakat, serta faktor sosio-ekonomi dengan pencapaian akademik anak-anak asnaf. Kaedah penyelidikan melibatkan penggabungan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Seramai 50 responden diberikan soal selidik, dengan 48 borang yang sah digunakan untuk analisis deskriptif dan inferensi. Soal selidik merangkumi item berkaitan reka bentuk rumah, pencapaian akademik, dan tahap keselesaan kediaman. Selain itu, temu bual berstruktur dijalankan terhadap lima orang peserta bagi mendapatkan pandangan lebih mendalam tentang pengalaman kehidupan mereka. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan positif antara bantuan zakat perumahan dengan peningkatan pencapaian akademik serta keselesaan kediaman. Reka bentuk rumah yang baik dan keadaan termal yang selesa menyumbang kepada persekitaran pembelajaran yang lebih kondusif. Faktor sosio-ekonomi seperti pendapatan isi rumah, bilangan tanggungan, dan latar pendidikan ibu bapa turut memainkan peranan penting dalam memperkukuh kesan bantuan zakat terhadap prestasi anak-anak. Kesimpulannya, kajian ini menyediakan cadangan praktikal kepada institusi zakat dan pembuat dasar untuk mempertingkatkan kualiti program bantuan perumahan, sekali gus menyumbang kepada peningkatan kesejahteraan dan kejayaan akademik komuniti asnaf secara menyeluruh.

This study examines the relationship between zakat housing assistance and the academic achievement of asnaf children in the state of Perlis, Malaysia, with a focus on the social, educational, and economic well being of the asnaf community. The research was conducted in response to the limited number of studies exploring the implications of zakat aid on housing conditions and academic performance among low-income families. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the relationship between housing design and indoor thermal comfort of zakat assisted homes, along with socio economic factors, and the academic performance of asnaf children. The research employed a mixed methods approach, combining both quantitative and qualitative techniques. A total of 50 respondents were given questionnaires, with 48 valid responses used for descriptive and inferential analysis. The questionnaire covered items related to house design, academic achievement, and housing comfort levels. Additionally, structured interviews were conducted with five participants to gain deeper insights into their lived experiences. The findings indicate a positive relationship between zakat housing assistance and improvements in both academic performance and residential comfort. Good housing design and comfortable thermal conditions contribute to a more conducive learning environment. Socio economic factors such as household income, number of dependants, and parents’ educational background also play a significant role in enhancing the effects of zakat assistance on children’s academic performance. In conclusion, this study offers practical recommendations to zakat institutions and policy makers to improve the quality of housing aid programmes, thereby contributing to the overall well being and academic success of the asnaf community.

THE ROLE OF TRADITIONAL SONGS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION: FOSTERING VALUES, CULTURAL IDENTITY, AND CREATIVITY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2025-08-07T17:29:41+08:00

This article investigates the role of traditional songs in early childhood education through a systematic review of the literature, emphasizing their pedagogical, cognitive, and socio-cultural value. Traditional songs function as more than just learning tools; they enhance language acquisition, instill moral values, and strengthen cultural identity while encouraging creativity and active participation in young children. The review addresses the ongoing lack of traditional song integration in early education curricula, despite substantial evidence highlighting their benefits for moral development, cultural connection, and imaginative growth. It also notes a shift toward modern educational resources that often neglect local cultural elements. The study involved a comprehensive review of scholarly articles from well-established databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, and ERIC, focusing on works published between 2021 and 2025. Using the PRISMA framework to guide the selection process, 25 relevant studies were identified and analyzed. The results underscore the significant role traditional songs play in developing children's moral understanding, cultural awareness, creativity, language, and social abilities. Despite these advantages, their presence in contemporary curricula remains limited. The article advocates for renewed attention to the educational value of traditional music and recommends its deliberate inclusion in early learning strategies to support comprehensive and culturally responsive education.

SELF-EFFICACY, MOTIVATION, AND ANXIETY IN ESL WRITING: A CORRELATIONAL STUDY OF MALAYSIAN B40 SECONDARY LEARNERS

2025-07-21T11:25:20+08:00

This study explores how writing self-efficacy and writing motivation shape the relationship between writing anxiety and writing performance among B40 secondary school ESL students in Malaysia. While existing research often highlights the negative impact of anxiety and the benefits of self-efficacy and motivation, little is known about how these factors interact especially in underprivileged learner populations. Using a quantitative correlational design, data were collected from 63 Form Four students through validated questionnaires and a descriptive writing task. Regression analyses revealed that writing anxiety was positively associated with writing performance, while both self-efficacy and anxiety were negatively correlated. However, neither writing self-efficacy nor motivation significantly moderated the anxiety-performance relationship. These findings challenge conventional assumptions by suggesting that, in high-stakes or resource-constrained environments, moderate anxiety may enhance performance, possibly due to increased task focus or pressure to succeed. The study underscores the need to consider contextual and psychological nuances when supporting ESL writers from disadvantaged backgrounds. Further research with larger samples and mixed methods is recommended to deepen our understanding of these complex relationships.

PONTENG SEKOLAH DAN GAYA ASUHAN IBU BAPA DALAM KONTEKS PENDIDIKAN MENENGAH: SATU ANALISIS TRIANGULASI

2025-08-12T12:33:08+08:00

Gejala ponteng sekolah merupakan salah satu isu disiplin paling membimbangkan dalam sistem pendidikan menengah di Malaysia dan menjadi cabaran besar terhadap pencapaian Matlamat Pembangunan Mampan 4 (SDG 4), iaitu memastikan pendidikan berkualiti dan inklusif untuk semua. Kajian ini dijalankan bagi mengenal pasti gaya asuhan ibu bapa yang dominan dalam kalangan murid yang terlibat dengan ponteng sekolah, menganalisis persepsi murid dan ibu bapa terhadap gaya tersebut, serta menilai keselarasan antara data soal selidik, temu bual dan dokumen refleksi. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kajian kes dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang disokong data kuantitatif (soal selidik PAQ). Sampel kajian terdiri daripada 15 orang murid asnaf dan lima orang ibu bapa dari sebuah sekolah menengah di Perlis. Data dikumpul melalui tiga instrumen utama: soal selidik, temu bual separa berstruktur, dan dokumen refleksi, serta dianalisis melalui pendekatan statistik deskriptif, analisis tematik dan analisis kandungan. Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa gaya asuhan autoritatif adalah paling dominan dalam kalangan ibu bapa, namun murid lebih cenderung menilai gaya autoritarian sebagai lebih ketara. Triangulasi data menunjukkan wujud jurang persepsi antara murid dan ibu bapa serta ketidakkonsistenan dalam pelaksanaan gaya asuhan. Kajian mencadangkan agar intervensi pendidikan melibatkan latihan keibubapaan yang seimbang dan kolaboratif antara pihak sekolah dan keluarga dalam menangani gejala ponteng sekolah secara holistik.

School truancy is one of the most worrying disciplinary issues in the Malaysian secondary education system and poses a major challenge to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4), which is to ensure quality and inclusive education for all. This study was conducted to identify the dominant parenting style among students involved in school truancy, to analyze the perceptions of students and parents towards that style, and to evaluate the consistency between data from questionnaires, interviews, and reflection documents. The study used a case study design with a qualitative approach supported by quantitative data (PAQ questionnaire). The study sample consisted of 15 asnaf students and five parents from a secondary school in Perlis. Data was collected using three main instruments: a questionnaire, semi-structured interviews, and reflection documents, and was analysed through descriptive statistics, thematic analysis, and content analysis. The findings show that the authoritative parenting style was the most dominant among parents, but students were more inclined to perceive the authoritarian style as more pronounced. Data triangulation revealed a perception gap between students and parents as well as an inconsistency in the implementation of parenting styles. The study recommends that educational interventions involve balanced and collaborative parenting training between schools and families to address school truancy holistically.

THE CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK MODEL OF STRESS AND CONFLICT AMONG ASNAF FAMILIES

2025-07-21T09:50:40+08:00

This study explores the relationship between stress and conflict in asnaf families, focusing on how financial strain, social stigma, and family dynamics contribute to these issues. A conceptual framework is developed based on existing literature on family stress, conflict theory, and social determinants. Key factors such as financial strain, lack of social support, and mental health are shown to play critical roles in increasing stress and conflict within these families. The framework provides insights into the potential interventions and policies needed to reduce stress and improve family well-being in asnaf families. In this paper, a conceptual framework model has been suggested to understand the dynamic of stress and conflict among the asnaf families.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BUSY TABLE TOWARDS CHILDREN’S LEARNING PERFORMANCE

2025-08-07T16:54:15+08:00

This study explores the effectiveness of busy tables as an interactive learning tool in enhancing children's learning performance in kindergarten settings. Busy tables, which incorporate a variety of hands-on activities designed to engage young learners, have gained popularity in early childhood education environments. The research investigates how busy tables influence cognitive, motor, and social skills development among preschool-aged children. By providing opportunities for sensory exploration, problem-solving, and collaborative play, busy tables are believed to support holistic development in ways that traditional learning tools may not. Data was collected through questionnaire, conducted in multiple kindergarten classrooms. The findings suggest to provide insights into how integrating busy tables into preschool classrooms can positively impact children's overall learning performance. Further research is recommended to explore how specific busy table designs and activity types may optimize learning outcomes in diverse educational settings.