GPS-INTEGRATED SMART DUSTBIN WITH CONTACTLESS OPERATION AND WASTE LEVEL MONITORING

Nurdamia Farhanah Helmi; Nur Asfahani Ismail; Zatul Iffah Abd Latiff; Fadila Mohd Atan; Nor Affida M. Zin; Zahari Abu Bakar; Siti Musliha Ajmal Mokhtar; Shakira Azeehan Azli

doi:10.35631/IJIREV.825033

Authors

Nurdamia Farhanah Helmi Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Johor Branch, Pasir Gudang Campus, Masai 81750, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2331-6061
Nur Asfahani Ismail Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Johor Branch, Pasir Gudang Campus, Masai 81750, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6078-4789
Zatul Iffah Abd Latiff Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Johor Branch, Pasir Gudang Campus, Masai 81750, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1127-239X
Fadila Mohd Atan Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Johor Branch, Pasir Gudang Campus, Masai 81750, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7890-4956
Nor Affida M. Zin Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Johor Branch, Pasir Gudang Campus, Masai 81750, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7694-7300
Zahari Abu Bakar Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Johor Branch, Pasir Gudang Campus, Masai 81750, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9301-0078
Siti Musliha Ajmal Mokhtar Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Johor Branch, Pasir Gudang Campus, Masai 81750, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3975-2889
Shakira Azeehan Azli Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Johor Branch, Pasir Gudang Campus, Masai 81750, Malaysia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8416-7806

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35631/IJIREV.825033

Keywords:

Automated Waste Level Detection, GPS Tracking, Hygiene, IoT, Real-Time Monitoring, Sustainability, Waste Management

Abstract

Although Internet-of-Things (IoT)-enabled smart waste bins have widely investigated, many existing systems provide limited integration of contactless operation, real-time monitoring, geolocation and automated notification within a single low-cost platform. This study proposes an integrated IoT-based smart dustbin that combines contactless operation, real-time waste monitoring, GPS tracking, cloud-based data logging, and automated messaging within a single embedded platform. The system employs an ESP32 microcontroller integrated with a motion sensor for touch-free lid operation, an ultrasonic sensor for waste-level measurement, and a Neo-6M Global Positioning System (GPS) module for location tracking. Waste level and location data are automatically recorded in Google Sheets to enable real-time monitoring, while a Telegram bot is employed to provide instant notifications when predefined waste thresholds are reached. This automated approach addresses the limitations of manual monitoring by enabling remote supervision, timely collection, and reduced labour dependency. System functionality was validated through simulation, where results demonstrated reliable motion-activated lid control, accurate waste level measurement, and consistent alert delivery. The findings indicate that the proposed smart dustbin effectively improves hygiene in public spaces by minimising physical contact and preventing prolonged bin overflow. Results demonstrated reliable real-time monitoring through automated Telegram alerts, cloud-based data logging, and GPS-enabled location tracking. Filtered GPS measurements exhibited consistent spatial clustering with a mean positional deviation of 158.65 m (standard deviation: 55.44 m), validating the feasibility of the proposed system for practical smart waste management and location-aware waste collection. GPS clustering confirms stable location tracking after filtering. The proposed system demonstrates the potential to improve municipal waste collection efficiency and support data-driven smart city waste management.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Addas, A., Khan, M. N., & Naseer, F. (2024). Waste management 2.0 leveraging internet of things for an efficient and eco-friendly smart city solution. PLoS ONE, 19(7 July), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0307608

Agalyaa, T., Madhushri, S., Divya Sri, S., Dharani, R., & Saratha, M. (2025). Smart Bin with Level Sensing and Real Time Automation. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Electronics and Sustainable Communication Systems, ICESC 2025, 266–273. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICESC65114.2025.11212260

Ahmed, K., Kumar Dubey, M., Kumar, A., & Dubey, S. (2024). Artificial intelligence and IoT driven system architecture for municipality waste management in smart cities: A review. Measurement: Sensors, 36(August), 101395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measen.2024.101395

Anitha, A. A., & Arockiam, L. (2020). Promoting a Clean and Hygienic Environment using IoT. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 8(5), 4722–4726. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.e6893.018520

Badhoutiya, A. (2025). A prototype of solar powered smart dustbin. Applications of Mathematics in Science and Technology: International Conference on Mathematical Applications in Science and Technology, 849–851. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003606659-163/PROTOTYPE-SOLAR-POWERED-SMART-DUSTBIN-ARTI-BADHOUTIYA

Gawali, P., Shinde, S., Tambolkar, J., Shinde, G., & Sawant, S. (2023). Smart IOT Based Dustbin and Waste Monitoring System. 2023 International Conference on Advances in Computation, Communication and Information Technology, ICAICCIT 2023, 1088–1093. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAICCIT60255.2023.10466052

Ghorpade-Aher, J., Wadkar, A., Kamble, J., Bagade, U., & Pagare, V. (2018). Smart Dustbin: An Efficient Garbage Management Approach for a Healthy Society. 2018 International Conference on Information, Communication, Engineering and Technology, ICICET 2018, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICICET.2018.8533851

Henaien, A., Ben Elhadj, H., & Chaari Fourati, L. (2024). A sustainable smart IoT-based solid waste management system. Future Generation Computer Systems, 157(August 2023), 587–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2024.03.056

Jia, K., Yee, S., Sheng, C., Wah, W., & Ling, P. (2026). Sustainable Cities and Society : Advances Preferences on smart cities services in developing country : Perspectives of citizens. 2(December 2025).

Keshava Murthy, G. N., Akhilesh, S., Arpitha, K. N., Yashaswini, R., & Janhavi, T. S. (2023). Automated Smart Dustbin Using ESP32. International Conference on Recent Advances in Science and Engineering Technology, ICRASET 2023, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRASET59632.2023.10420276

Maddileti, T., & Kurakula, H. (2020). IoT based smart dustbin. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 9(2), 1297–1302. https://doi.org/10.48175/ijarsct-7841

Muley, K., Pandirkar, S., Jondhale, O., & Wagh, R. (2025). Solar Powered Smart Dustbin. 2025 World Skills Conference on Universal Data Analytics and Sciences, WorldSUAS 2025, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1109/WorldSUAS66815.2025.11198954

Nivisjhonson, A., Prasanna, B., & Swaminathan, K. (2026). IOT-Based Smart Waste Management System with Real-Time Sensor Monitoring. 2026 International Conference on Intelligent and Innovative Technologies in Computing, Electrical and Electronics (IITCEE), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/IITCEE67948.2026.11393982

O, M. R., D, S. B., Vivek, V., Prathik, K., Nishmitha, N., & Bhat, S. (2025). Design and Testing of an AI-based Campus Waste Management System. 2025 International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Pioneering Innovations in Robotics and Electric Mobility (INSPIRE), 477–481. https://doi.org/10.1109/inspire67328.2025.11300669

Panara, H., Patel, N., Selarka, T., & Naik, A. (2023). loT-based Smart Dustbin for Effective Waste Management. Proceedings - 2023 IEEE International Symposium on Smart Electronic Systems, ISES 2023, 302–305. https://doi.org/10.1109/iSES58672.2023.00068

Rahman, M. W., Islam, R., Hasan, A., Bithi, N. I., Hasan, M. M., & Rahman, M. M. (2022). Intelligent waste management system using deep learning with IoT. Journal of King Saud University – Computer and Information Sciences, 34(5), 2072–2087

Salau, A. O., Miyenseigha Marvellous, T. J., Gupta, S. K., Zywiolek, J., Onibonoje, M. O., & Kishore Kanna, R. (2024). Development of a Smart IoT-based Dustbin Level Monitoring System. 2024 2nd International Conference Computational and Characterization Techniques in Engineering and Sciences, IC3TES 2024, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/IC3TES62412.2024.10877603

Saxena, K., Yadav, S., Shukla, V., & Awliya, A. (2024). Smart Cities Using GPS to Find the Location of Smart Dustbin. Proceedings of International Conference on Communication, Computer Sciences and Engineering, IC3SE 2024, 1887–1891. https://doi.org/10.1109/IC3SE62002.2024.10592986

Sohag, M. U., & Podder, A. K. (2020). Smart garbage management system for a sustainable urban life: An IoT based application. Internet of Things (Netherlands), 11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iot.2020.100255

Sumathi, M., Hanumanthappa, J., Santhosh Kumar, K. S., Shiva Prakash, S. P., & Meghana, J. (2025). IoT-based Efficient Waste Management on University Campus: Enhancing Monitoring and Optimization through Machine Learning. Procedia Computer Science, 258, 4157–4168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2025.04.666

Thirumugam, P., Herath, D., & Amarasooriya, S. (2023). Smart Dustbin and Garbage Monitoring System Using Internet of Things. ICAC 2023 - 5th International Conference on Advancements in Computing: Technological Innovation for a Sustainable Economy, Proceedings, 857–861. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICAC60630.2023.10417205

Wen, L. K., Hasanah Binti Ali, N., & Hussin, N. Bin. (2025). IoT-Enabled Smart Dustbin System for Efficient Waste Management in Smart Cities. 2025 Multimedia University Engineering Conference (MECON), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/mecon67253.2025.11277125

GPS-INTEGRATED SMART DUSTBIN WITH CONTACTLESS OPERATION AND WASTE LEVEL MONITORING

Authors

DOI:

Keywords:

Abstract

Downloads

References

Downloads

Published

How to Cite

Issue

Section

menu-sidebar