INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATION AND INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION (IJIREV)

INDUSTRY AWARENESS OF BAMBOO-BASED MATERIALS IN PARTICLEBOARD AND FURNITURE MANUFACTURING: EVIDENCE FROM MALAYSIA

2026-03-18T09:48:53+08:00

The rising demand for the forest resources coupled with the rising sustainability and regulatory burdens has increased pressure on the wood-based manufacturing systems in an attempt to find alternatives to wood. It is generally known that bamboo is an eco-friendly alternative to conventional timber because it is fast to replenish and has favourable material characteristics. Although bamboo has good policy backing and much technical research has been done, the industrial utilization of bamboo in the production of particleboard, chipboard and furniture is still minimal, especially where it comes to lack of industry-level awareness and application know-how. This paper examines the awareness of the manufacturers of the bamboo-based materials in the industry in Malaysia. A quantitative survey was carried out in the period of October 2025 and January 2026 making 228 valid responses from the particleboard, chipboard and furniture industry. The industry awareness had been evaluated on four dimensions that were general familiarity with the industry, specific application awareness, benefits awareness and challenges awareness. The descriptive analysis and the correlational analysis suggest that the level of knowledge about the benefits of bamboo, in general, and the sustainability-related benefits, in particular, is consistently high, and the overall and technical knowledge levels are relatively low and have a significant difference between the firms. The extent of challenge awareness is moderate and with low dispersion which shows that there is a high level of agreement among the manufacturers. The result of correlation tests proves that familiarity is more associated with the awareness of challenges than the separately assessed benefits. On the whole, the idea of bamboo-based materials in the industry is mostly theoretical and not practical, which also indicates a significant gap in knowledge that prevents the use of this approach by industries and the shift to more sustainable production.

WHEN STRATEGY MEETS STRUCTURE: UNLOCKING INNOVATION FOR SUSTAINABLE AND RESILIENT CIVIL ENGINEERING

2026-04-13T14:38:44+08:00

The civil engineering sector is under growing pressure to deliver infrastructure that extends beyond technical efficiency to achieve long-term sustainability and resilience amid climate change, accelerating urbanization, and ongoing technological disruption. Although advanced digital technologies and innovative materials offer substantial potential to address these challenges, their adoption in practice remains inconsistent. This disconnect underscores the importance of strategic management in bridging the gap between technological capability and realized infrastructure outcomes. This study explores strategic management as a critical enabler of innovation in civil engineering, framing it as the essential “soft infrastructure” underpinning sustainable and resilient development. Using a qualitative, multi-phase research approach, the study integrates a narrative synthesis of the existing literature with illustrative case studies drawn from smart city initiatives and infrastructure resilience contexts. Insights from the literature inform the development of an integrated conceptual framework that links innovation drivers with key strategic management enablers, including governance and leadership, data-informed decision-making, lifecycle cost analysis, and change management practices. The proposed framework adopts a governance-first perspective and operationalizes innovation adoption through four interconnected implementation pillars: governance, financial evaluation, organizational readiness, and data governance. These pillars are supported by a phased process comprising environmental scanning, strategic alignment, and agile execution. The case studies illustrate how strategically aligned management practices can enable the successful uptake of advanced technologies and materials by overcoming organizational, financial, and institutional barriers. Overall, the findings indicate that innovation in civil engineering should not be viewed solely as a technical undertaking but as a strategic process shaped by managerial capability and organizational preparedness. This study contributes to the literature by offering an integrative framework that connects engineering innovation with strategic management, while also providing practical insights for infrastructure organisations and policymakers seeking to strengthen long-term sustainability and resilience.

EXPLORING GLOBAL RESEARCH TRENDS ON FLOOD DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT

2026-02-27T14:17:21+08:00

Flood disasters remain one of the most critical global challenges, causing severe human, economic, and environmental losses while testing the capacity of risk management systems. In recent decades, research on flood disaster risk management has expanded significantly, reflecting the urgent need to strengthen mitigation, preparedness, and resilience strategies. However, despite the rapid growth of scholarship, systematic evaluations of the research landscape remain limited. This study aims to provide a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of flood disaster risk management to identify major trends, influential contributions, and emerging research directions. Data were collected through Scopus using advanced search queries with the keywords “disaster,” “flood,” “management,” and “risk,” resulting in a dataset of 1,259 documents. The dataset was processed and harmonized using OpenRefine, while Scopus Analyzer was employed to examine statistical indicators and generate trend-based graphs. VOSviewer software was then applied to construct network visualizations, including keyword co-occurrence, co-authorship collaboration, and citation patterns. The results reveal a steady increase in publications, with notable peaks in the last five years, indicating growing scholarly and policy interest in the field. The most cited works predominantly focus on integrated risk management, climate change adaptation, and resilience-based approaches, highlighting the interdisciplinary nature of the research. Geographically, the United Kingdom, United States, China, and Germany emerge as the leading contributors, reflecting strong collaboration and global knowledge exchange. Keyword analysis further demonstrates the prominence of “risk assessment,” “disaster risk management,” “climate change,” and “resilience” as central themes, while newer terms such as “machine learning” and “nature-based solutions” signal evolving research frontiers. Overall, this bibliometric study enriches the understanding of flood disaster risk management by mapping its intellectual structure, highlighting critical contributions, and offering insights into future research directions for academics, policymakers, and practitioners.

BIOPHILIC DESIGN IN OFFICE INTERIORS FOR EMPLOYEE STRESS ALLEVIATION: A QUALITATIVE STUDY

2026-03-29T15:42:22+08:00

In today's fast-paced office environments, employees commonly face high-intensity workloads, leading to increasingly severe stress and anxiety issues that impact their physical and mental well-being. Research indicates that biophilic design principles, which integrate natural elements into indoor spaces, offer an innovative approach to optimising office environments and alleviating employee stress. Previous biophilic design research has focused on the presence or absence of natural elements rather than spatial interface variations. Little is known about the Stress-relieving effects of biophilic elements on various spatial interfaces within office spaces, including ceilings, floors, walls, and desktops. Therefore, this study introduces an interface-based analytical perspective (ceiling, walls, floor, and tabletop). A total of eight experts were invited to form two four-person focus groups, each comprising an architect, an interior designer, a psychological counsellor, and a landscape designer. Data analysis utilised NVivo software to identify biophilic elements suitable for office interiors: green plants, natural materials, natural colours, the presence of water, natural forms, and natural imagery. The results indicate that biophilic elements exhibit specific interface distribution patterns, reflecting design priorities for particular interfaces(dominated by walls at 37.5%, followed by floors at 31.3%, with desktops at 17.5% and ceilings at 13.8%). Furthermore, distinct experiential mechanisms were identified for different surfaces: ceilings (indirect experience), desktops (direct experience), and walls/floors (dual experience). The study not only revealed the Stress-relieving effects weight of key elements such as ‘green plants on desktops’ (13.1%), ‘natural wall colours’ (11.9%), ‘green wall coverings(10.6%)’, ‘natural wall imagery(10.6%)’, ‘ground-level greenery(10.6%)’, natural materials(9.4%), and Ground-level water features(7.5%), Provides employers and designers with interface-based and user-specific resource allocation strategies, proposing future research directions to explore the stress-relieving effects of biophilic elements within diverse spatial interface combinations. To provide evidence-based design insights for optimising employee mental well-being through spatial interventions.

UNVEILING THE HIDDEN IMPACTS: HOW ANTHROPOGENIC ACTIVITIES SHAPE THE WATER QUALITY OF PAYA BUNGUR LAKE, GAMBANG, PAHANG

2026-04-16T10:06:14+08:00

Water quality is essential for sustainable development and public health. This study investigates the water quality of Paya Bungur Lake in Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia, a vital resource for the local community. The lake's ecosystem is significantly degraded by anthropogenic activities, including agriculture, aquaculture, mining, and construction, which contribute to pollution through nutrient runoff, organic waste, heavy metal contamination, and habitat destruction. The study assessed six sampling points for key water quality parameters, including temperature, turbidity, pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), salinity, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), and heavy metals. Results indicated a temperature range of 31.4 to 33°C, turbidity levels of Class III (88.55 to 95.85 NTU) at most points, and Class IV (101 to 102.55 NTU) at two points. BOD ranged from 3.94 to 4.27 mg/L (Class III), while DO (5.75 to 5.96 mg/L) and pH (6.0–6.4) met Class IIB standards. Salinity (0.03%) and TDS (42 to 45 mg/L) were classified as Class I, while TSS ranged from 54.5 to 121.5 mg/L, with two points in Class IV. Heavy metal analysis revealed aluminium (1.51 mg/L), calcium (6.05 mg/L), and magnesium (1.43 mg/L) at Class IV levels. Iron (0.72 mg/L) was Class III, manganese, lead, and zinc were within Class I, and copper was in Class IIB. Elevated nutrient and heavy metal levels, primarily originating from oil palm plantations, aquaculture, and the East Coast Rail Link (ECRL) construction project, have led to eutrophication, algal blooms, and ecological stress. Mitigation strategies, including precision agriculture, eco-friendly aquaculture, advanced water treatment technologies, and regular monitoring, are crucial for restoring the lake's environmental health. Collaborative efforts among policymakers, local authorities, and stakeholders are crucial for enforcing environmental regulations, promoting sustainable land-use practices, and ensuring the lake's sustainability for future generations.

A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW ON FABRICATION TECHNIQUES OF METAL-POLYMER COMPOSITES AS RADIATION SHIELDING MATERIAL

2026-03-18T09:08:50+08:00

Lead-based materials have long been used for radiation shielding in medical and industrial applications due to their high attenuation capacity. However, their toxicity, heaviness, and handling difficulties raise significant health and environmental concerns. This Systematic Literature Review (SLR) evaluates recent advancements in lead-free metal–polymer composites as safer alternatives for radiation protection. The review followed the PRISMA methodology, analysing studies published between 2019 and 2024 across five databases: Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. From 95 initial records, only 13 studies met the inclusion criteria and were thoroughly reviewed. Seven fabrication techniques were identified, such as pencil beam spray coating, layer-by-layer (LBL), hot pressing, electrospinning, 3D printing, mixing and curing, and metal doping, each offering unique advantages in structure and performance. The findings revealed that composites containing high atomic number (Z) fillers such as bismuth (Bi) and tungsten (W) achieved the highest shielding efficiencies, with RPE values exceeding 99% and Zeff up to 83. Techniques such as LBL and doping demonstrated superior attenuation and flexibility, while electrospinning and pencil beam spray coating enabled lightweight shields with up to 45% weight reduction. In contrast, hot pressing and 3D printing produced dense, durable composites ideal for structural shielding, and mixing and curing methods provided sustainable, non-toxic alternatives using materials such as red mud and Bi₂O₃. This review concludes that metal–polymer composites are strong candidates to replace lead in radiation shielding. Nevertheless, further research is needed to assess long-term durability, toxicity, and cost-effectiveness, supporting the advancement of lightweight, flexible, and eco-friendly shielding materials for medical, industrial, and environmental applications.

PERFORMANCE OF SAGO WASTE IN REDUCING TURBIDITY AND SUSPENDED SOLIDS IN AQUACULTURE WASTEWATER

2026-04-01T09:54:03+08:00

Aquaculture wastewater often contains high levels of suspended solids and turbidity, which may negatively affect water quality and aquatic ecosystems if discharged without treatment. Although chemical coagulants are effective for suspended solids removal, their use is associated with environmental, economic, and sludge management concerns. However, limited studies have explored the use of sago waste as a natural coagulant for aquaculture wastewater treatment, particularly for turbidity and total suspended solids (TSS) removal. This study investigates the effectiveness of sago waste as a natural coagulant for aquaculture wastewater treatment and examines the effect of coagulant dosage on turbidity and TSS removal. Jar test experiments were conducted using aquaculture wastewater treated with sago waste at dosages ranging from 0.1 to 10 mg/L. Turbidity and TSS concentrations were measured before and after treatment to determine removal efficiency. The results showed that sago waste was able to reduce turbidity and TSS at all tested dosages. Turbidity removal efficiency increased from 16.97% at 0.1 mg/L to a maximum of 20.50% at 10 mg/L, indicating the optimal dosage for turbidity removal at 10 mg/L, while TSS removal showed limited variation, with the optimal dosage observed at 1 mg/L, achieving a removal efficiency of 13.86%. In conclusion, sago waste demonstrated greater effectiveness in turbidity reduction than in TSS removal and can serve as a sustainable and low-cost natural coagulant for preliminary treatment of aquaculture wastewater.

MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION AND THERMAL STABILITY ANALYSIS OF AZ91 MAGNESIUM NANOCOMPOSITES UNDER CONTROLLED THERMAL EXPOSURE

2026-02-27T11:01:59+08:00

This study investigates the microstructural evolution and thermal stability of AZ91 magnesium nanocomposites under controlled thermal exposure conditions. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the effectiveness of nanoparticle reinforcement in enhancing microstructural stability, phase retention, and resistance to thermal degradation in AZ91 magnesium alloy for elevated-temperature applications.AZ91-based nanocomposites and unreinforced AZ91 alloy were subjected to controlled thermal exposure at elevated temperatures for different durations. Microstructural characterisation was carried out using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy to analyse grain evolution, phase morphology, and interfacial stability, with particular emphasis on the thermally sensitive β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phase. The results demonstrate that the unreinforced AZ91 alloy undergoes significant grain growth and β-phase coarsening during thermal exposure. In contrast, the AZ91 nanocomposites exhibit refined microstructures, suppressed grain growth, and improved stability of the β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phase. These improvements are attributed to the grain boundary pinning effect and diffusion-restricting behaviour of nanoparticles, which delay microstructural degradation under thermal loading. In conclusion, nanoparticle reinforcement significantly enhances the thermal stability of AZ91 magnesium alloy by stabilising microstructural features and retarding phase degradation during prolonged thermal exposure. The findings confirm that AZ91 magnesium nanocomposites are promising candidates for applications requiring reliable performance in thermally demanding environments.

THE RESEARCH ON THE PATH OF PROMOTING INDUSTRIAL INTEGRATION THROUGH E-COMMERCE DEVELOPMENT IN HANGZHOU UNDER THE CONTEXT OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY

2026-03-18T15:00:04+08:00

The rapid advancement of digital technology has profoundly reshaped consumer behavior, and the growth of the digital economy is accelerating industrial digitization and cluster formation. As a leading e-commerce hub in China, Hangzhou is well-positioned to integrate the digital and real economies by capitalizing on its strengths in digital commerce. However, challenges such as spatial constraints in industrial integration, bottlenecks in key resource flows, and barriers to cross-regional cooperation persist. Drawing on insights from cases such as Guangzhou-Foshan metropolitan integration, Tianlifang·Linping Future Farm, and New York's Silicon Alley, this study proposes leveraging e-commerce as a catalyst for transformation. It highlights the role of e-commerce actors in refining demand alignment, resource distribution, and governance. Additionally, it emphasizes upgrading industrial, value, and benefit chains to build a resilient industrial ecosystem. The paper further recommends promoting urban-rural integration through core industry leadership, fostering resource sharing and cross-regional collaboration to enhance synergies between domestic and international trade, and coordinating living and production spaces through guided planning and talent mobility—all to support balanced and sustainable economic development.

COMPARATIVE OF CULTURAL AND CHEMICAL CONTROL FOR WEED SUPPRESSION IN MAIZE (ZEA MAYS) CULTIVATION

2026-04-15T11:26:48+08:00

Weed suppression is a critical factor in maize (Zea mays) cultivation, influencing crop growth and yield. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cultural (silver shine mulching) and chemical (Atrazine herbicide) weed control methods in maize production. The experiment included three treatments consist of T1 (without control), T2 (mulching), and T3 (herbicide application). Various agronomic parameters including plant height, dry weight of cob, biomass, number of productive tillers, and weed dry weight were evaluated. The results indicated that T2 and T3 significantly reduced weed biomass compared to T1, with no significant difference between T2 and T3 in weed suppression. T2 exhibited an ecofriendly and sustainable approach, while T3 provided rapid and effective weed control. Additionally, maize plants in T2 and T3 had higher biomass and cob weight due to reduced competition of weeds for nutrients. The study concludes that both mulching and herbicide application are viable weed management strategies, with the choice depending on cost, labor availability, and environmental considerations. Future research should explore the long-term impacts of these methods on soil fertility and other significant issues.

BEHAVIOURAL DETERMINANTS OF URBAN FARMING ADOPTION IN MALAYSIA: A QUALITATIVE STUDY USING THE THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOUR

2026-03-18T08:29:43+08:00

This study examines the behavioural intentions of urban citizens in Malaysia towards urban farming. The research uses the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) as a framework. A qualitative approach was applied, involving semi-structured interviews with 50 participants from major urban centres in Peninsular Malaysia. The study aims to understand how attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control influence the intention to adopt urban farming. Thematic analysis, performed with NVivo 14, found that positive attitudes, such as valuing food freshness, health benefits, and environmental impact, strongly motivate people to participate. Subjective norms are shaped by family support, community inspiration, and the growing visibility of urban farming. Perceived behavioural control depends on factors like space, time, and access to knowledge and technology. Participants with higher self-efficacy and greater community involvement are more willing to engage in urban farming. The findings support the TPB framework as a useful tool for understanding behavioural intentions in Malaysia’s urban farming context. They also offer a theoretical basis for developing effective awareness campaigns, training programmes, and policies to encourage sustainable urban agriculture.

AWARENESS, ATTITUDES, AND ADOPTION INTENTIONS TOWARD ELECTRIC VEHICLES AMONG MALAYSIAN UNDERGRADUATE YOUTH

2026-04-01T09:35:25+08:00

The global transition toward electric vehicles (EVs) is central to sustainable mobility, yet adoption remains uneven across regions and social groups due to affordability, infrastructure provision, perceived risk, and trust in emerging technologies. Malaysia represents a salient Southeast Asian case where strong policy ambition and growing market visibility coexist with relatively low EV penetration, highlighting the importance of consumer readiness. Given the structural significance of undergraduate youth as future vehicle buyers, this study examines EV awareness, attitudes, and adoption intentions among Malaysian undergraduates. Drawing on a nationwide cross-sectional online survey of 328 respondents, the study employs descriptive and exploratory analysis to profile awareness and familiarity, evaluative attitudes, adoption intentions, and key conditioning factors. The findings reveal near-universal awareness of EVs alongside limited technological familiarity, indicating a pronounced awareness–familiarity gap. Attitudes are mixed but not polarised, combining positive evaluation with substantial neutrality. While environmental friendliness is the most salient perceived benefit, adoption intentions remain strongly conditional, shaped by concerns over charging infrastructure, battery durability, affordability, and after-sales support. Respondents prioritise durability, maintenance cost, and service reliability, and display clear price and range thresholds. Brand perceptions are anchored in functional credibility, with Tesla and selected Chinese brands perceived as reliable, and China widely viewed as leading Malaysia’s EV industry. Overall, Malaysian undergraduates exhibit “rational environmentalism,” endorsing EV sustainability benefits while screening adoption through feasibility and risk considerations. The study advances a constraint-sensitive understanding of EV adoption intention in emerging markets.

THE DIGITAL-READINESS-PERFORMANCE (DRP) MODEL: INTEGRATING LEADERSHIP, EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE, AND ORGANIZATIONAL READINESS FOR SUSTAINABLE TRANSFORMATION IN THE INDUSTRY 5.0 ERA

2026-02-24T10:15:01+08:00

The fast-advancing Industry 5.0 (IR5.0), has ushered in a new era in how organization combine technology, people and processes to achieve lasting digital transformation. However, digital leaders continue to face significant challenges, including skill shortages, resistance to change, and cybersecurity threats that hinder effective transformation. The Digital-Readiness-Performance (DRP) model, a conceptual model with the objective of explaining how the dynamics relationship between digital leadership, organizational readiness, emotional intelligence and transformation performance occur. Based on recent leadership theory and supported by empirical evidence, the model makes clear that digital transformation succeeds not only through technology investment but also by strategic alignment of leadership capabilities, human adaptability and organizational readiness. Emotional intelligence (EI) is proposed as a moderating variable for increased leadership effectiveness by dissolving resistance, increasing trust, and decreasing technostress in technology change. The DRP model offers both theoretical and practical implications by providing a structured roadmap for organizations to assess readiness, strengthen leadership and digital capabilities, and sustain competitive advantage in the IR5.0 landscape. The paper is adding to the growing literature around digital transformation by bringing the human aspect more into focus within technology led organizational development.

THE STUDY OF TURMERIC DRYING AT DIFFERENT THICKNESSES OF MODULAR THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE

2026-03-18T14:36:49+08:00

This research aims to study the ability of silica sand with an average diameter of 10 mm for different thicknesses of thermal energy storage to store the heat energy during the turmeric drying process. Drying is a method that uses thermal energy to remove moisture from a material. Direct sunlight or specialised electrical equipment can facilitate drying. The process for drying materials is influenced by several aspects, including the product's surface characteristics, drying temperature, airflow, steam pressure, energy supply, and the specific type of material involved. Drying rates accelerate with increased temperatures and reduced relative humidity. Regulating these parameters requires diligent supervision via the installation of numerous sensors at different positions within the dryer. Conversely, thermal energy storage applications have comparatively underutilised solid-state thermal energy storage (TES) materials like sand. Consequently, the use of silica sand is essential for thermal energy storage, mitigating the constraints of solar dryers that function exclusively during daylight hours. The highest thickness of sand has a higher drying rate compared to the lowest thickness of sand, and there is no thermal energy storage condition for turmeric drying. Additionally, the previously mentioned amount of sand retains more heat storage compared to the lowest thickness. Therefore, it can be concluded that as the thickness of silica sand increases, the temperature of thermal energy storage also increases, which accelerates the drying process.

A PAIRWISE COMPARISON APPROACH WITH CONSISTENCY RATIO FOR PRIORITIZING SUSTAINABLE WASTEWATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES: AN ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS-BASED FRAMEWORK

2026-04-15T10:59:55+08:00

The rapid expansion of population and economic activities has resulted in the generation of substantial volumes of wastewater, posing significant environmental challenges. Despite the availability of a diverse array of wastewater treatment (WWT) technologies, the selection of the most appropriate solution remains complex due to the multitude of criteria that must be simultaneously considered. This study proposes a decision-making framework based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), employing pairwise comparisons to facilitate the sustainable selection of WWT technologies. The AHP methodology is utilized to derive the relative weights of decision criteria, with the consistency ratio serving as a measure to validate the coherence of expert judgments represented through pairwise comparison matrices. Computational results reveal that 'Composting,' with a composite weight of 0.4370, is identified as the most preferred WWT option. Future research should further investigate critical decision-making factors, including technological variability, the credibility of decision-makers, and the methodological robustness of AHP within broader conceptual frameworks.

FROM INTELLIGENCE TO INNOVATION: HOW INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT (IQ) AND ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTIONS (EI) SHAPE SOCIAL INNOVATION READINESS IN MALAYSIAN HIGHER EDUCATION?

2026-03-17T08:06:43+08:00

This study investigates the influence of intelligence quotient (IQ) and entrepreneurial intentions (EI) on social innovation readiness among higher education students in Malaysia. In the era of Industry 5.0, innovation and socially driven solutions are crucial, highlighting the importance of understanding the role of cognitive abilities and an entrepreneurial mindset. A quantitative research design was employed using a structured survey instrument to collect data from INTI International University students using Smart- PLS analysis, and purposive sampling was employed. A structured survey was delivered to a purposively 31 students from Faculty Business and Communications, INTI International University. The results show that entrepreneurial intention (EI) have a significant influence on social innovation readiness, while intelligence quotient (IQ) is not significant to social innovation in Malaysian higher education. This study has practical implications for curriculum development in Malaysian higher education institutions.

BIOPHILIC DESIGN IN HEALTHCARE INTERIORS: EFFECT ON HEALTHCARE WORKERS’ WELL- BEING

2026-03-29T16:16:35+08:00

Mental health issues in the workplace have become a growing concern, particularly in rapidly urbanizing countries, including in Malaysia. It is vital by creating a quality healthcare environment that promotes connections with nature through biophilic design to reduce work- related to mental health issues. Since healthcare workers spend most of their time in the hospital, they have limited access to the outdoor restorative natural environments to take a break from their tasks. The use of indoor natural elements in healthcare facilities has also been an effective alternative way to improve the mental health of healthcare workers and promote a healing environment. Based on the systematic review using the PRISMA approach, this paper presents and screens relevant literature on the benefits of biophilic design application in healthcare interior spaces through indirect experiences such as nature images, nature colour, and nature material that affect healthcare workers’ well- being. 75 articles published between (2015- 2025) were identified across six online databases (SAGE, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar), of which 15 were selected for inclusion. The findings provide a foundation for design strategies using indirect biophilic applications to enhance healing in healthcare interiors and outline future research directions to support healthcare workers’ mental well- being and sustainable healthcare facilities.

FROM POLICY TO COMMUNITY ACTION IN LOW CARBON DEVELOPMENT IN KUALA LUMPUR: A NARRATIVE REVIEW

2026-02-22T14:01:53+08:00

Cities are now at the center of climate in a nation like Malaysia as it moves towards achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. Kuala Lumpur, being both the national capital and the main economic center, plays an essential role in illustrating the way in which international and national climate commitments are interpreted and practiced on the local level. Even with properly laid-down low-carbon policies and planning tools, it is challenging to maintain significant community engagement due to the design of governance, institutional assumptions, as well as the real world that urban communities face on a day-to-day basis. This narrative review analyzes the translation of low-carbon development strategies into community-level action in Kuala Lumpur, with special reference made to the issue of positioning participation into formal policy frameworks. Additionally, this narrative review summarizes peer-reviewed literature and essential policy papers on low-carbon development and community involvement in Malaysia. The database used to identify all academic papers published within the last 10 years (2015-2025) was Scopus, and a background search was conducted with regard to the information on the aspects of the policy evolution. Following this, the documents of the national and city governments were examined to seek the entrenchment of participation in the systems of low-carbon governance in Kuala Lumpur. Findings reveal that Malaysia has developed a policy architecture relating global climate pledges to life in the city with the help of such tools as the National Policy on Climate Change 2.0 (NCCP 2.0), the National Low Carbon Cities Masterplan (NLCCM), the Kuala Lumpur Low Carbon Society Blueprint 2030 (KL LCSBP 2030), and the Kuala Lumpur Climate Action Plan 2050. Accordingly, the role of community participation is planned in these models as an urban change driving force that is supported by institutional platforms and specific financing systems, such as the Geran Masyarakat MADANI Rendah Karbon (GMMRK). The effectiveness of implementation, however, varies relatively in practice. The review observes that advanced policy models cannot guarantee sustainable community involvement. The future of enhancing low-carbon urban governance involves participation pathways that extend beyond awareness-based approaches and acknowledge communities as active participants with various capacities and lived experiences.

MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY AND ACCEPTANCE OF IRRADIATED MEAT PRODUCTS DURING STORAGE

2026-03-18T10:03:12+08:00

The demand for ready-to-eat meals is growing due to their convenience such as easy to serve and eat directly; and suitable for busy consumers with families, working people, school children and campers. Among food items, meat products are very popular. Sausages and burgers need to be cooked after been thawed from the frozen state before consumption. It would be very convenient if these products are easy to serve and can be eaten directly without any heating or cooked and displayed at room temperature on the shelves of retailers without frozen product facilities. Fresh chicken sausages and burgers were obtained from local meat product outlets and cooked thoroughly in oven (160oC) for 10 minutes and cooled. Samples were vacuumed packed individually in plastic-polyethylene pouches and irradiated at doses of 3 kGy, 5 kGy and 10 kGy, using60Co gamma irradiation at MINTec-Sinagama. Until irradiation was over, non-irradiated samples (control) were kept in refrigerator. The irradiated and non-irradiated samples were displayed at room temperature and tested after storage periods of 1 month. Microbiological analysis was carried out to determine status of bacteria (Total Plate Count) and fungi counts (cfu/g). Colour changes of the products were recorded using Colorimeter (Minolta) for lightness (L), redness (a) and yellowness (b) values. Acceptability of the irradiated products were determined through sensory evaluation by using 30 members (male and female) of untrained panellists.Pre-cooked chicken meat products samples irradiated with doses of 3 and 5 kGy were most preferred for most of the attributes. Irradiation with dose 5 kGy was suitable for pre-cooked chicken sausages and burgers for prolonged their shelf-life in room temperature for one month storage. These results demonstrated the ability of gamma irradiation for the decontamination of pre-cooked meat products and reliable process for food storage in commercial industry.

PRELIMINARY DESIGN: INTEGRATION OF ELECTROLYSIS AND THIN-FILM SOLAR TECHNOLOGY FOR ONBOARD HYDROGEN PRODUCTION IN FUEL CELL VEHICLE (FCV)

2026-04-13T14:51:28+08:00

This research is focused on the integration of thin-film solar technology with electrolysis for onboard hydrogen production in fuel cell vehicles (FCVs). The study identifies electrolysis, driven by renewable solar energy, as a suitable method for producing high-purity hydrogen directly on the vehicle. This approach addresses some of the challenges faced by the existing infrastructure for hydrogen refueling stations, which is heavily reliant on the efficient and safe transportation of hydrogen. Currently, transportation primarily depends on tanker trucks that move hydrogen from production facilities to refueling stations. However, this method is constrained by truck capacity, limiting the volume of liquid hydrogen transported. By designing an integrated system that combines thin-film solar panels with a compact electrolyzer, the research will be able to demonstrate a feasible and efficient approach for continuous hydrogen generation, eliminating the need for external refueling infrastructure. The system's performance is investigated and evaluated based on previous literature and will be further assessed using experimental simulations. From the investigation and preliminary analysis, this proposed technology is able to provide a significant improvement in hydrogen production efficiency compared to conventional methods. The preliminary findings show that this proposed innovative integration offers a viable solution for sustainable and independent hydrogen production in FCVs, supporting the advancement of clean transportation technologies and contributing to the broader adoption of fuel cell vehicles.

HALAL LEAN IN PRACTICE: EXPLORING EFFICIENCY AND COMPLIANCE AMONG MALAYSIAN SMES

2026-03-17T07:37:02+08:00

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are central to Malaysia’s halal economy, yet they face persistent challenges in balancing efficiency with halal compliance. This study explores how halal-certified SMEs adopt lean practices to enhance resource utilization, minimize waste, and strengthen halal assurance. Guided by the Resource-Based View, a qualitative design was employed using semi-structured interviews with 30 SME owners and managers across food manufacturing, logistics, and service sectors. Thematic analysis revealed that SMEs adopt lean incrementally, beginning with foundational tools such as 5S and Kaizen, while halal certification demands additional documentation and audit readiness. Findings highlight that lean practices improve operational transparency and support halal audits but are hindered by limited expertise, financial constraints, and infrastructure gaps. Cost savings and consumer trust emerged as strong enablers of halal lean adoption. The study provides insights for SMEs, policymakers, and researchers on integrating lean efficiency with halal integrity for competitive advantage.

ANALYSIS OF STABLE PHASE CHANGE MATERIAL MADE USING RUBBERWOOD BIOCHAR FOR THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE

2026-03-29T15:55:48+08:00

This work analyses the stability of phase change materials after being mixed with rubber wood biochar for thermal energy storage. Globally, stable phase change materials are receiving increased attention as it provides better functionality specifically to regulate temperature changes during diurnal temperature fluctuations in building construction elements. This study focuses on conducting three main sections, to obtain the optimum impregnation percentage of rubberwood for the phase change material to achieve effective impregnation, to evaluate the effect of phase change material on the heat transfer properties of wood composites, and to measure the physical and mechanical properties of wood composites with shape-stabilized palmitic acid/decanoic acid as phase change material. Rubberwood particles were pyrolyzed before mixed with palmitic acid and decanoic acid, respectively. Testing of leakage and thermal conductivity were carried out for both mixtures. Mechanical evaluation on wood composites made with the wood mixtures were recorded.

A DATA-DRIVEN COMPOSITE SUSTAINABILITY INDEX (CSI) FOR INDEPENDENT SMALLHOLDER PALM OIL: EVIDENCE FROM PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS (PCA)

2026-03-18T09:36:57+08:00

Sustainability assessment in smallholder agricultural systems is essential for food security and long-term development. However, many composite indices rely on subjective weighting schemes and rigid sustainability pillars. This paper constructs a data-based Composite Sustainability Index (CSI) for smallholder agriculture using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to empirically derive sustainability dimensions and indicator weights. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was employed to empirically identify latent sustainability dimensions and derive indicator weights based on variance contribution, thereby reducing subjectivity in composite index construction. The findings show three significant dimensions of sustainability that account for 53.9 percent of the total variance, which are: integrated sustainability issues, environmental-economic trade-offs and social-environmental tensions. Such results imply that smallholders view sustainability as systemic and not as independent aspects. The results of PCA-based weighting showed equal contribution in the economic, environmental, and social dimensions (34.2, 32.7, and 33.1), respectively, which highlights the necessity of composite sustainability interventions. The refined weights were then applied to build a CSI, which enabled the categorisation smallholders into the below-average, average, and above-average sustainability performance groups. Methodologically, this study advances sustainability assessment by proposing an empirically grounded composite index that avoids subjective weighting schemes and predefined sustainability structures. From a policy perspective, the resulting Composite Sustainability Index provides a practical decision-support tool for prioritising interventions, allocating resources, and monitoring sustainability performance in smallholder agricultural systems.

DIGITAL ECONOMY AND ACCESSIBILITY: DEVELOPING INCLUSIVE TRAINING PROGRAMS FOR SPECIAL NEEDS POPULATIONS

2026-04-05T11:54:32+08:00

The aim of this study is to investigate the exclusion of people with disabilities from the digital economy. This will help to provide a conceptual framework that incorporates the different digital platforms, accessibility features, and training that will best allow populations with special needs to gain the digital empowerment they need. The proposed framework integrates the Social Model of Disability, Universal Design for Learning (UDL), and Digital Accessibility and Inclusion models. The major challenges explored lead to actionable solutions, positioning the framework as a strategic guide for educators, platform creators, and policymakers. Ultimately, the practical and theoretical contributions of this paper outline how inclusive training translates into greater participation in the digital economy, fostering digital equity, financial independence, and broader socio-economic benefits for people with disabilities. The framework provides conceptual and practical insights for enhancing digital inclusion and economic participation among people with disabilities.

MAPPING THE KNOWLEDGE LANDSCAPE OF SUBMARINE CABLE INFRASTRUCTURE: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS

2026-02-27T14:04:44+08:00

Submarine cable infrastructure is crucial for global telecommunications, supporting international data transfer and internet connectivity. As the demand for high-capacity and resilient networks grows, the need for a comprehensive understanding of research trends and developments in this field becomes more important. However, a systematic review of the academic literature on submarine cable infrastructure remains scarce. This bibliometric review aims to address this gap by analyzing the evolution of research on submarine cables and their technological, economic, and regulatory aspects. Data was collected from Scopus using advanced search queries with the keywords “submarine,” “cables,” “fiber,” and “fibre,” yielding a final dataset of 1,989 documents. Statistical analysis and graph generation were conducted using Scopus Analyzer, while OpenRefine was utilized for data cleaning and harmonization. VOSviewer was then employed for data visualization to identify key research clusters, co-authorship patterns, and emerging trends. The analysis reveals a significant increase in research output over the past decade, with notable contributions from leading countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom, and China. Key thematic areas include advances in cable technology, network resilience, and the economic and regulatory challenges of deploying submarine cables. This bibliometric review offers valuable insights into the structure and dynamics of the field, highlighting key areas for future research and offering a foundational reference for stakeholders in the submarine cable industry.

DIRECTIONAL EFFECTS IN ROBOTIC MILLING OF UHMWPE: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON SURFACE ROUGHNESS

2026-03-25T09:42:18+08:00

Industrial robots offer large workspaces and flexibility for machining, but their compliance-dominated dynamics can compromise surface quality. While vibration control in robotic machining is well studied for metals and fibre-reinforced composites, empirical guidance for soft-polymer finishing remains limited. As one of the first empirical studies on robotic finishing of UHMWPE, this work investigates the direction–compliance–roughness interaction by framing feed direction as a controllable parameter. This study explicitly demonstrates how feed direction interacts with pose-dependent compliance to systematically influence surface roughness in robotic milling of UHMWPE. This feasibility study investigates how feed direction affects surface roughness (Ra, Rq, Rz) in robotic milling of UHMWPE. Experiments were performed using a KUKA KR120 R2700 six-axis robot with fixed parameters: 9500 rpm spindle speed, 1080 mm/min feed rate, and dry finishing cuts at depths of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3mm. Surface roughness metrics were measured via contact profilometry using a standardized evaluation length. Due to kinematic constraints, X–Y toolpaths require different joint configurations; therefore, observed differences reflect the combination of feed-direction and pose-dependent stiffness anisotropy. Y-direction feeding produced lower Ra (1.64–1.87 µm) than X-direction feeding (1.66–1.94 µm). In contrast, X-direction feeding yielded lower Rq (2.0–2.5 µm) with strong linear predictability (R² > 0.99), compared with Y-direction Rq (2.35–2.40 µm). Rz exhibited depth-dependent behavior, with X performing better at shallow depth (0.2 mm) and Y at 0.3 mm, while tool adhesion showed little directional dependence. Overall, the findings provide evidence of direction-dependent roughness trade-offs: Y-direction may be preferred for average smoothness (Ra), whereas X-direction may be preferred when peak-sensitive control (Rq/Rz) is critical.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF COMMERCIAL BIOFERTILIZERS EFFECTS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF ZEA MAYS PLANTED IN PEAT SOILS

2026-04-15T11:38:35+08:00

Increasing cost of chemical fertilizers as well as their harmful effects on the soil has directed attention to other sources of soil fertilization. As such, alternative approaches which are sustainable and environmentally friendly are needed. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the growth performance of Zea mays planted in peat soil treated with different types of commercial biofertilizers. The effects were investigated by using four different treatments, T0: control (chemical fertilizer), T1 (Biofertilizer A), T2 (Biofertilizer B) and T3 (Biofertilizer C), with three replications. The experiment was conducted using completely randomized design (CRD) design under greenhouse conditions. The height of the plants, number of leaves and number of fruits were all recorded for growth performance. The findings showed that T3 (Biofertilizer C) and T1 (Biofertilizer A) grew much faster and gave the best results, compared to other treatments. T0: control (chemical fertilizer) responded the least in terms of growth and yield. As a conclusion, Zea mays that are treated with commercial biofertilizer showed better growth performance than chemical fertilizer.

RESEARCH TREND ON COST ANALYSIS IN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

2026-03-18T08:56:45+08:00

The study titled “Cost Analysis in Building Construction: Life-Cycle, Digital, and Managerial Perspective” presents a systematic literature review aimed at synthesizing current research trends, analytical methods, and cost management strategies in the construction sector. The construction industry faces ongoing challenges in achieving cost efficiency while balancing sustainability, digital transformation, and managerial optimization. Despite the growing volume of research, a comprehensive synthesis that integrates these perspectives remains limited. To address this gap, the review applied the PRISMA protocol to ensure transparency and rigor in the selection process. Searches were conducted across two major databases, Scopus and Web of Science, yielding 36 primary studies that met the inclusion criteria. The selected articles were analyzed and categorized into three dominant themes: (1) Life-Cycle Costing & Environmental Performance, focusing on the integration of life-cycle assessment and cost modeling to evaluate sustainability and long-term financial feasibility; (2) Cost Estimation, Optimization & Digital Analytical Methods, emphasizing the application of digital tools such as Building Information Modeling (BIM), machine learning, and optimization algorithms for accurate cost prediction and project efficiency; and (3) Construction Management, Procurement, Renovation & Site Prefabrication Economics, addressing the influence of managerial frameworks, procurement policies, and prefabrication systems on project cost performance. The synthesis of findings indicates a clear transition toward data- driven, environmentally conscious, and policy-aligned cost analysis frameworks in modern construction. The study concludes that integrating life-cycle perspectives, digital analytics, and management innovation is essential to achieving cost-effective and sustainable outcomes in the building industry. The review contributes a structured understanding of emerging methodologies and provides valuable insights for researchers and practitioners seeking to enhance cost analysis practices across diverse construction contexts.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE, SUPPLY CHAIN CAPABILITIES, TECHNOLOGY CAPABILITIES AND SUSTAINABLE PERFORMANCE OF CHINESE CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES IN CHINA

2026-04-01T09:45:46+08:00

The sustainability achievements of a nation's construction industry play a pivotal role in its economic growth. China's construction sector is a significant contributor to the nation's overall economic landscape, constituting more than 7% of the total GDP. In 2019, this sector exhibited consistent growth and embraced emerging technologies, solidifying its position as a cornerstone of China's economic development. In this study, examine the key determinants of sustainable performance within construction organizations, shedding light on the critical areas that influence sustainability outcomes. Quantitative methods are prevalent in papers on organizational culture, supply chain and technological capability, with mediation role of strategic planning towards corporate performance of construction industry in China. The total 516 questionnaires were collected and analysed by SamrtPls4.0. There are positive relationship between organizational culture, supply chain and technological capability, and sustainable performance of the construction firms in the province. This research makes a contribution to the understanding of the value of supply chain digitisation as an organisational resource that necessitates particular capabilities in order to attain its worth and, as a consequence, improve the performance of the company.

INTEGRATING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROMARKETING FOR SUSTAINABLE LOGISTICS INNOVATION IN MALAYSIA: A MULTI-CASE STUDY APPROACH

2026-02-24T10:30:29+08:00

This study examines how the integration of artificial intelligence and neuromarketing contributes to sustainable innovation in Malaysia’s logistics and transportation industries. Using a qualitative multiple case study design, the research explores three leading Malaysian firms: Pos Malaysia Berhad, Grab Malaysia, and GDEX Express. The aim is to understand how emotional analytics enhance customer engagement, managerial decision-making, and sustainability performance. Data were obtained through interviews and document reviews and analysed thematically using NVivo software. The findings show that AI-driven neuromarketing enables firms to interpret emotional patterns, personalise communication, and design sustainability initiatives that align with customer values. Emotional analytics improved customer satisfaction, strengthened brand trust, and supported environmentally responsible marketing practices. The study contributes to theory by extending the concept of Logistical Enabled Services through the inclusion of emotional intelligence as a key factor in digital transformation. From a managerial perspective, it offers practical guidance for logistics leaders who wish to combine technological capability with human empathy. The results indicate that emotionally aware AI applications can enhance the competitiveness and sustainability of Malaysia’s logistics ecosystem.

REVOLUTIONIZING RICE PROCESSING: THE ROLE OF INNOVATIVE DRYING AND MILLING TECHNOLOGIES IN ENHANCING QUALITY AND ECONOMIC OUTCOMES

2026-03-18T14:48:22+08:00

Rice, as a staple food for more than half of the global population, faces persistent challenges in post-harvest processing, particularly during drying and milling. Traditional drying methods often result in excessive energy consumption, grain fissuring, and nutrient degradation. At the same time, conventional milling practices frequently compromise head rice yield and overall product quality. These inefficiencies limit both the economic returns for producers and the sustainability of rice value chains. Addressing this gap, the present study aims to investigate how innovative drying and milling technologies can enhance rice quality, improve milling efficiency, and support economic sustainability. Using a narrative review methodology, data were systematically collected through the Scopus database and analyzed using an integrative thematic approach to identify key technological advancements, concepts, and theoretical perspectives. The findings indicate that advanced thermal drying technologies and IoT-assisted solar drying systems have been shown in experimental and pilot-scale studies to improve moisture control, reduce grain fissuring, and better preserve nutritional quality compared to conventional methods. Collectively, the literature suggests that these innovations may contribute to economic sustainability by improving processing efficiency, reducing energy intensity, and increasing value-added output. Theoretically, the study advances agricultural innovation scholarship by integrating diffusion of innovation and socio-technical systems perspectives to explain how adoption factors mediate technological and sustainability outcomes. Practically, the review highlights the importance of targeted investment, capacity building, and phased implementation strategies. The study concludes by identifying financial, technical, and knowledge-based adoption barriers and recommends future research on techno-economic assessments, pilot implementation, and digital integration strategies to optimize rice processing systems.

NORMALIZED FLUORESCENCE LINE HEIGHT (NFLH) VARIATION OVER MALAYSIA MARITIME (2003-2024)

2026-04-15T11:13:42+08:00

The main intention of this study is to investigate the spatial and temporal distribution of normalized Fluorescence Line Heights (nFLH) over Malaysia's maritime region from 2003 to 2024. The analysis utilized the monthly Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Aqua, nFLH product, that could be freely accessed through the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)’s Geospatial Interactive Online Visualization and Analysis Infrastructure (GIOVANNI) system. Time average map that was developed for the period of 2003 to 2024 finds high nFLH values consistently observed along the coastal regions, particularly along the west coast of the Peninsular Malaysia and coastal zone of Sarawak. This area exhibits nFLH values ranging between 1.0 ´ 10⁻¹ and 5.0 ´ 10⁻¹ W m^-2 mm^-1 sr^-1. This finding correlates with an increment in phytoplankton activity driven by nutrient input from terrestrial runoff, particularly near the river mouth. During northeast monsoon season, an increment in the fluorescence levels, clearly seen over South China Sea and Sabah’s coastal water. The increment mostly due to the nutrient influx from monsoon rain. In contrast, low fluorescence levels were observed during the inter-monsoon and southwest periods. A decline in nFLH values over the study period suggests a decrement in phytoplankton biomass. This finding highlights the significant role of the northeast monsoon in influencing the nutrient cycle and biological productivity over Malaysia’s coastal waters.

SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES EQUIPPED WITH FRICTION DAMPERS UNDER VERTICAL EARTHQUAKE EFFECTS

2026-03-18T08:21:03+08:00

This study investigates the seismic performance of moment-resisting frames equipped with rotational friction dampers under simultaneous horizontal and vertical earthquake components. A 9-story steel moment frame was analyzed using nonlinear dynamic time history analysis with five high-magnitude earthquake records. The dampers were designed with a capacity equal to 30% of the base shear force at each story level. Results demonstrate that implementing rotational friction dampers reduces maximum roof displacement by an average of 31% and maximum base shear by 32%. The analysis was performed using OpenSees software, considering both horizontal and vertical earthquake components simultaneously. The friction dampers effectively dissipate seismic energy while maintaining the main structural elements in the elastic range, proving to be an efficient passive energy dissipation system for seismic retrofitting of structures.

THE IMPACT OF PERSONALIZED RECOMMENDATIONS ON CONSUMERS' PURCHASE INTENTION: A PERSPECTIVE BASED ON PERCEIVED VALUE IN E-COMMERCE LIVE STREAMING

2026-04-01T09:24:52+08:00

The essence of e-commerce live streaming is the interactivity in real time. Consumers are more likely to be influenced by emotional and social factors than rational factors when making purchasing decisions. This is quite different from the situation response mechanism in traditional e-commerce scenarios. When the content of e-commerce live streaming is gradually becoming homogeneous, personalized recommendations have become one of the most important sources of platform competitiveness. Most current research focuses on the development of recommendation algorithms and technical optimization, but few studies have discussed the influence on users at the level of perception. The attributes of personalized recommendation (relevance, timeliness, and novelty) are the independent variables affecting consumers’ purchasing decision. Still, few studies have explored the influence path of personalized recommendation on consumers’ perceived value and the impact of consumers’ purchase intention. This study starts from the perspective of consumers’ perceived value. It builds the framework of "personalized recommendation - perceived value - consumer purchase intention." The questionnaire was employed to investigate the impact of personalized recommendations on consumers' intention to purchase, along with the mediating role of perceived value. According to the results of this study, personalized recommendations have a significant positive effect on consumers’ purchase intention in the e-commerce live streaming environment. Perceived value serves as a key mediating variable in the formation of consumer behavior. The empirical results show that personalized recommendations influence purchase intention indirectly via perceived value. In addition, this paper suggests that improving the relevance, timeliness, and novelty of recommendation content can effectively increase consumers’ perceived value and further promote their purchase intention.

SAFETY KNOWLEDGE AND ITS IMPACT ON WORKPLACE ACCIDENTS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

2026-02-22T14:11:01+08:00

Safety knowledge is widely recognised as a critical determinant of workplace safety performance; however, empirical evidence on how safety knowledge influences workplace accidents remain fragmented across disciplines, sectors, and methodological approaches. This systematic literature review aims to synthesise empirical evidence on the relationship between safety knowledge and workplace accidents, with particular attention to emerging digital safety analytics, human and organisational factors, and applied occupational safety and health (OSH) practices across specific sectors and populations. Guided by the PRISMA framework, advanced searches were conducted in the Scopus and Web of Science databases for peer-reviewed English-language articles published between 2015 and 2025. Following rigorous screening, eligibility assessment, and quality appraisal, 47 empirical studies were included for qualitative synthesis. Using a PICo-guided thematic analysis, three overarching themes were identified: (1) digital, AI-driven, and knowledge-based safety analytics (safety informatics); (2) human factors, safety climate/culture, and risk perception at individual and organisational levels; and (3) applied OSH practices in specific sectors and vulnerable worker populations. The findings indicate that safety knowledge plays a central mediating role between safety management practices, safety attitudes, training interventions, and accident outcomes. Technological advancements such as knowledge graphs, machine learning, and predictive safety analytics show growing potential to enhance real-time safety decision-making, while human and organisational factors strongly shape how safety knowledge is perceived and enacted. Sector-specific contexts further influence the effectiveness of safety knowledge transfer, particularly among high-risk and vulnerable worker groups. Overall, this review highlights the need for integrated socio-technical approaches that combine digital safety systems, strong safety culture, and context-sensitive training to reduce workplace accidents and improve occupational safety outcomes.

SENSORY-DRIVEN FOOD INNOVATION FOR UNIVERSITY STUDENT WELLNESS

2026-03-18T10:57:21+08:00

The present paper examines the impact of taste preferences, eating behaviours, and campus food environments on student wellness and nutritional decisions. Eight peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2025 were examined using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) based on the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The findings reveal five major themes that include taste dominance, emotional eating, cultural alignment, affordability constraints and innovation based on sensory. Results indicate that sensory attractiveness and familiarity to the culture have great drive in comparison to nutritional value and cost and convenience is a significant deterrent. The researchers suggest culturally diverse, student-led, and sensory informed food innovations to encourage eating healthy and entertaining food on campus. The lessons obtained herein point to the significance of combining sensory science, inclusiveness, and affordability in the strategies of campus wellness.

UTILIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL WASTES FOR OYSTER MUSHROOM CULTIVATION: AN ANALYSIS OF SUBSTRATE PROPERTIES AND COST-EFFECTIVENESS

2026-04-14T14:24:56+08:00

Malaysia's agricultural sector significantly contributes to waste production, particularly from major commodity crops such as oil palm, pineapple, and paddy, which contain nutritive value that can be recycled for economic and social benefits. However, improper management of these wastes may lead to environmental pollution. Rubber sawdust is a prevalent substrate for oyster mushroom production; nevertheless, its escalating cost and restricted availability render it more unfeasible. This study explored the potential of using agricultural wastes such as paddy straw (T1), pineapple leaf (T2), and empty fruit bunch (T3) as substrates for cultivating oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus), with rubber sawdust (T0) as the control. The treatments were arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. The substrates were analysed for pH and nutrient content (total P, exchangeable K, and Ca), while outputs such as mycelial growth, mushroom yield, and cost-benefit metrics were evaluated. The results showed no significant differences in nutrient content among the substrates, except that pineapple leaves had significantly higher potassium levels. All substrates supported mushroom production except for pineapple leaves. Paddy straw exhibited the fastest sprouting time, requiring only one day after a 45-day incubation period. Rubber sawdust yielded the highest total mushroom output, which was approximately 609.2 grams over three harvesting cycles. These findings emphasize the possible use of agricultural residues, particularly paddy straw and empty fruit bunches, as viable and cost-effective alternatives to rubber sawdust for sustainable oyster mushroom production.

INHERITANCE AND INNOVATION: THE DIGITAL VISUAL TRANSLATION OF CONFUCIAN MORAL PHILOSOPHY IN NEZHA 2 AND ITS POSITIVE ENERGY ORIENTATION FOR YOUTH CULTURE

2026-03-17T07:55:53+08:00

Against the backdrop of the rapid development of digital technology, animated films have become core carriers of cultural communication. With its outstanding box office performance and reputation, Nezha 2 makes the digital visual translation of Confucian moral philosophy therein worthy of in-depth research. This paper first defines digital visual translation as the process of converting abstract cultural and moral concepts into perceivable visual symbols through digital technologies such as motion capture, particle simulation, and 3D modeling. This process realizes the semantic transmission and value communication of core concepts by means of the coding, visual presentation, and narrative expression of visual elements. Taking Nezha 2 as the research object and focusing on young audiences aged 12-30, this study aims to explore the digital visual means through which the film translates Confucian moral concepts such as "ren (benevolence)", "yi (righteousness)", and "li (propriety)", as well as the role of these translations in guiding youth culture. Guided by visual semiotics (Kress & Van Leeuwen, 2020) and the film-philosophical perspective on moral visualization, the study adopts a research framework that combines film analysis, audience research, and theoretical exploration. The findings indicate that the film accomplishes the translation of core Confucian moral concepts through three strategies: ethical coding of character symbols, moral visualization of scene special effects, and dialectical presentation of narrative structure. These translations exert positive impacts on young people's values. This research provides strategic references for integrating traditional culture with digital art to guide youth culture.

DETERMINANTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE AMONG HOME APPLIANCE MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN GUANGZHOU: A CONCEPTUAL PAPER

2026-03-29T16:06:42+08:00

Organizational performance among home appliance manufacturing firms (HAMFs) in Guangzhou has emerged as a critical issue amid intensified competition and rapid digital investment. Despite widespread digital transformation initiatives, performance outcomes remain highly uneven, suggesting that technological adoption alone does not guarantee sustained performance improvement. This study aims to develop a theoretically grounded framework to explain the determinants of organizational performance in digitally transforming manufacturing firms. Drawing on the Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) framework and Dynamic Capability Theory, the paper adopts a conceptual research design to integrate technology capability, dynamic capability, and competitive pressure into a unified explanatory model. The proposed framework positions digital transformation as a central mediating mechanism through which organizational capabilities and environmental pressures are translated into performance outcomes. The analysis suggests that performance improvements are unlikely to arise from direct technological investment alone but depend on firms’ ability to implement coherent, organization-wide digital transformation supported by strong dynamic capabilities. The study concludes that integrating contextual and capability-based perspectives provides a clearer explanation of performance heterogeneity and offers strategic implications for managers seeking sustainable competitive advantage in digitally intensive manufacturing environments.