THE ART OF ANALOGY IN KITAB AL-HIKAM LECTURES: A SCHOLARLY LITERATURE REVIEW ON ITS INTERPRETIVE POWER

Abstract

The interpretive power of analogy in Kitab al-Hikam lectures remains an underexplored area despite its critical role in conveying spiritual and ethical teachings. This study addresses the gap in scholarly literature by examining the structural patterns, effectiveness, and contemporary relevance of analogies used in these lectures. The problem lies in the lack of systematic analysis of how these analogies function as interpretive tools, particularly in bridging abstract concepts with relatable human experiences. The aim of this study is threefold: to identify key patterns and structures of analogies in Kitab al-Hikam, to evaluate their effectiveness in communicating spiritual and ethical teachings, and to analyze their potential contributions to modern educational and intercultural contexts. To achieve these objectives, a multidimensional methodological approach was employed, combining thematic analysis of primary and secondary sources with insights from cognitive semantics, stylistic analysis, and rhetorical theory. The findings reveal that analogies in Kitab al-Hikam are structured around nature-based metaphors, relational comparisons, and experiential narratives, which enhance comprehension and foster emotional engagement. These analogies also demonstrate adaptability to diverse cultural and experiential contexts, ensuring their relevance across audiences. The study further highlights the enduring applicability of these analogies in addressing contemporary challenges such as ethical decision-making, cross-cultural dialogue, and inclusive education. The theoretical implications enrich our understanding of analogy as a cognitive and communicative device, while the practical implications offer valuable strategies for educators, leaders, and practitioners. Despite its contributions, the study acknowledges limitations, including its focus on a single text and reliance on secondary sources for certain analyses. Future research could expand the scope to comparative studies or explore neurocognitive dimensions of analogical reasoning. Overall, this study underscores the transformative potential of analogy as a timeless tool for knowledge transmission and mutual understanding.