BRIDGING THE GAPS IN MALAYSIA’S CYBERBULLYING LAWS: CHALLENGES AND REFORM PROPOSALS

Abstract

Cyberbullying has become an increasingly prevalent issue in Malaysia, exacerbated by the widespread use of digital communication platforms and social media. This article critically examines the existing legal framework governing cyberbullying in Malaysia, with particular attention to the Communications and Multimedia Act 1998, the Penal Code, and the Defamation Act. It evaluates the extent to which these legal provisions effectively protect victims and ensure accountability for perpetrators. Furthermore, this study explores key challenges in the enforcement of cyberbullying laws, including jurisdictional complexities, the anonymity of offenders, and limitations in public awareness and legal literacy. Despite the presence of legal mechanisms, gaps remain in legislative scope, enforcement capabilities, and preventive measures. The article argues for a more comprehensive and victim-centered legal approach, incorporating stricter enforcement, policy reforms, and enhanced digital literacy initiatives to address the evolving nature of cyberbullying. The findings underscore the need for a multi-stakeholder strategy involving legal, technological, and educational interventions to strengthen Malaysia’s legal protection against online harassment.