KAJIAN PERLINDUNGAN UNDANG - UNDANG TERHADAP PELANCONG DALAM AKTIVITI EKOPELANCONGAN
A LEGAL PROTECTION STUDY FOR TOURISTS IN ECOTOURISM ACTIVITIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35631/IJLGC.1143012Keywords:
Ekopelancongan, Perlindungan Pelancong, Penguatkuasaan Undang-Undang, Pelesenan, Agensi Pelancongan, MalaysiaAbstract
Kajian ini membincangkan perlindungan undang-undang terhadap pelancong dalam aktiviti ekopelancongan di Malaysia dengan memberi tumpuan kepada keberkesanan pelaksanaan dan cabaran penguatkuasaan undang-undang sedia ada. Malaysia memiliki pelbagai akta yang berkaitan seperti Akta Industri Pelancongan 1992 (Akta 482), Akta Perlindungan Pengguna 1999 (Akta 599), Akta Pemuliharaan Hidupan Liar 2010 (Akta 716), Akta Perhutanan Negara 1984 (Akta 313), Akta Perikanan 1985 (Akta 317), dan Akta Taman Negara 1980 (Akta 226). Namun, kajian ini mendapati bahawa ketiadaan kerangka undang-undang khusus untuk ekopelancongan, pertindihan kuasa antara agensi dan kelemahan pemantauan di lapangan menjejaskan keberkesanan perlindungan terhadap pelancong dan kelestarian alam sekitar. Kajian ini turut membandingkan pendekatan perundangan di Australia, Thailand dan Singapura yang memperlihatkan keberkesanan struktur pentadbiran tunggal, pensijilan lestari dan penguatkuasaan bersepadu. Dapatan kajian mencadangkan agar Malaysia merangka satu akta khusus yang holistik, merangkumi pelesenan operator, perlindungan pengguna, pemantauan berasaskan teknologi serta peranan komuniti tempatan, untuk memastikan ekopelancongan dilaksanakan secara bertanggungjawab, selamat dan mampan.
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References
Akta
Akta Industri Pelancongan 1992 (Akta 482)
Akta Perhutanan Negara 1984 (Akta 313)
Akta Perlindungan Pengguna 1999 (Akta 599)
Akta Pemuliharaan Hidupan Liar 2010 (Akta 716)
Akta Perikanan 1985 (Akta 317)
Akta Taman Negara 1980 (Akta 226)
Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Australia)
Environmental Protection and Management Act 1999 (Singapore) (Cap. 94A)
National Parks Act B.E. 2562 (2019) (Thailand)
National Sustainability Framework for the Visitor Economy (Australia)
Parks and Trees Act 2005 (Singapore) (Cap. 216)
Wildlife Preservation and Protection Act B.E. 2562 (2019) (Thailand)
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