PERANAN MALAYSIA DALAM PERTUBUHAN KERJASAMA ISLAM (OIC): SATU ANALISIS INTEGRASI ANTARABANGSA

MALAYSIA’S ROLE IN THE ORGANISATION OF ISLAMIC COOPERATION (OIC): AN INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION ANALYSIS

Abstract

Pertubuhan Kerjasama Islam (Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, OIC) merupakan organisasi antarabangsa yang berperanan menyelaras kepentingan politik, keselamatan dan pembangunan negara-negara Islam di peringkat global. Malaysia, sebagai sebuah negara Islam sederhana dengan orientasi dasar luar yang pragmatik, telah terlibat secara aktif dalam organisasi ini  sejak menyertai organisasi ini. Namun, kajian yang menganalisis peranan Malaysia dalam OIC melalui kerangka teori integrasi antarabangsa dan fungsi organisasi antarabangsa masih terhad. Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis peranan Malaysia dalam organisasi tersebut melalui perspektif integrasi antarabangsa dan teori organisasi antarabangsa. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan analisis konseptual dan analisis dokumen terhadap dasar luar Malaysia, kenyataan rasmi OIC, serta literatur akademik berkaitan. Dapatan kajian memperlihatkan bagaimana Malaysia menggunakan pendekatan diplomasi kuasa sederhana (middle power diplomacy) dalam memperkukuh kerjasama dan norma politik dalam organisasi ini. Peranan ini bukan sahaja mencerminkan usaha integrasi Malaysia dalam sistem antarabangsa Islam, tetapi juga memperlihatkan bagaimana organisasi ini berfungsi sebagai platform diplomasi multilateral bagi negara-negara Islam. Artikel ini menyumbang kepada literatur hubungan antarabangsa dengan menjelaskan peranan diplomasi kuasa sederhana Malaysia dalam organisasi antarabangsa Islam serta implikasinya terhadap keberkesanan OIC sebagai platform kerjasama multilateral. 

The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) is an international organization that plays an important role in coordinating the political, security, and development interests of Muslim countries at the global level. Malaysia, as a moderate Muslim country with a pragmatic foreign policy orientation, has been actively involved in the OIC since joining the organization. However, Malaysia’s role within the OIC is often discussed in a largely descriptive manner, with limited analysis from the perspective of international integration and the functions of international organizations. This article aims to analyze Malaysia’s role in the OIC through the lens of international integration and international organization theory, focusing on two key dimensions: normative Islamic leadership and Malaysia’s diplomatic role in addressing security and stability issues in Muslim countries. The study adopts a qualitative approach based on conceptual analysis and document analysis of Malaysia’s foreign policy, official OIC statements, and relevant secondary sources. The analysis shows that Malaysia functions as a middle power that contributes to the promotion of moderate Islamic norms, political dialogue, and security cooperation within the OIC, despite facing institutional constraints and the diverse interests of member states. This role not only reflects Malaysia’s efforts to integrate within the international Islamic system but also illustrates how the OIC operates as a platform for multilateral diplomacy among Muslim countries. This article contributes to the literature on political science and international relations by providing a more structured analysis of Malaysia’s role in the OIC and its implications for Malaysia’s foreign policy and the effectiveness of the OIC as an international organization.