INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LAW, GOVERNMENT AND COMMUNICATION (IJLGC)

TADBIR URUS WAKAF DI KELANTAN: ISU, CABARAN DAN STRATEGI

2025-06-17T17:21:29+08:00

Majlis Agama Islam dan Adat Istiadat Melayu Kelantan (MAIK) merupakan pemegang amanah tunggal wakaf di negeri Kelantan. MAIK memainkan peranan penting dalam memelihara amanah pewakaf dan memastikan pengurusan wakaf di negeri Kelantan berjalan secara sistematik dan berlandaskan syarak. Namun begitu, dalam menguruskan wakaf, MAIK berhadapan dengan pelbagai cabaran. Hal ini menyebabkan perkembangan wakaf di negeri Kelantan adalah lebih perlahan jika dibandingkan dengan negeri-negeri yang lain. Kesannya, MAIK memerlukan lebih banyak usaha ke arah pemerkasaan dan penambahbaikan wakaf pada masa hadapan. Justeru, kajian ini dijalankan untuk menganalisis isu, cabaran dan strategi tadbir urus wakaf di Kelantan. Kajian ini mengguna pakai reka bentuk kualitatif. Data kajian dikumpul melalui kajian perpustakaan, dokumen dan temu bual bersama pegawai pengurusan wakaf di MAIK. Manakala, data kajian dianalisis menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan dan tematik. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa pengurusan wakaf di MAIK berhadapan dengan cabaran seperti kekangan sumber manusia, kurang kesedaran masyarakat dan keperluan promosi yang berterusan. Namun, melalui strategi penambahbaikan prosedur, pengurusan yang berstruktur dan promosi berkesan, MAIK berjaya mengekalkan integriti dan kelestarian dalam pengurusan wakaf. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat memberi panduan dan cadangan ke arah penambahbaikan dalam pengurusan wakaf di negeri Kelantan pada masa akan datang.

The Kelantan Islamic Religious and Malay Customs Council (MAIK) is the sole trustee of waqf in the state of Kelantan. MAIK plays a crucial role in safeguarding the waqif’s trust and ensuring that the management of waqf in Kelantan is conducted systematically and in accordance with Shariah principles. However, in managing waqf, MAIK faces various challenges. This situation has resulted in the development of waqf in Kelantan progressing more slowly compared to other states. Consequently, MAIK requires greater efforts toward empowering and improving waqf management in the future. Therefore, this study was conducted to analyse the issues, challenges and governance strategies of waqf in Kelantan. This study adopts a qualitative research design. Data were collected through library research, document analysis, and interviews with waqf management officers at MAIK. The data were then analysed using content analysis and thematic analysis methods. The findings of the study reveal that MAIK faces challenges such as limited human resources, low public awareness, and the need for continuous promotion. However, through strategies of procedural improvement, structured management, and effective promotion, MAIK has successfully maintained integrity and sustainability in waqf management. This study is expected to provide guidance and recommendations for enhancing waqf management in Kelantan in the future.

THE ROLE OF BAMUIS BNI ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION TOWARDS YOUNG PREACHER'S PRODUCTIVITY IN UNIVERSITAS IBN KHALDUN BOGOR

2025-06-18T15:38:25+08:00

The development of digital media has reshaped Islamic preaching (da’wah), shifting its space from traditional forums to dynamic online platforms. However, this transition also reveals a critical gap: the lack of effective communication strategies among young preachers in addressing diverse audiences and combating misinformation. This study explores how BAMUIS BNI’s organizational communication supports the productivity of young da’i at Universitas Ibn Khaldun Bogor by examining internal communication processes, motivation systems, and evaluative feedback mechanisms. The findings aim to address the broader issue of ineffective message delivery in contemporary Islamic outreach. The study employs a qualitative descriptive approach with data collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results highlight both the achievements and areas for development in BAMUIS BNI’s organizational communication strategy, with implications for enhancing da’wah quality and sustainability.

DAKWAH ISLAM DAN PENAPISAN KANDUNGAN OLEH AI: SATU ANALISIS KRITIS TERHADAP CABARAN PENDAKWAH MEDIA SOSIAL

2025-06-18T11:04:03+08:00

Kepesatan inovasi digital seharusnya dimanfaatkan oleh umat Islam sebagai medium dakwah yang penting pada hari ini. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti cabaran yang dihadapi oleh pendakwah Islam dalam menyampaikan mesej dakwah melalui media sosial, khususnya apabila kandungan mereka ditapis oleh sistem kecerdasan buatan (AI) yang digunakan oleh platform digital utama seperti YouTube, TikTok dan Facebook. Meskipun system penapisan kandungan melalui AI dibangunkan untuk mengekang penyebaran maklumat berbahaya, ia sering gagal menangani konteks keagamaan dan budaya, sehingga mengakibatkan kandungan dakwah yang sah disekat secara tidak wajar. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui kaedah analisis kandungan terhadap laporan media, laporan pengguna dan kajian terdahulu yang mendokumentasikan kes penapisan kandungan dakwah. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa penapisan oleh AI bukan sahaja berpunca daripada algoritma yang dilatih dengan data yang bias, tetapi turut dipengaruhi oleh laporan pengguna serta polisi penyedia platform yang kabur terhadap kandungan berunsur keagamaan. Kajian mencadangkan keperluan penambahbaikan sistem penapisan kandungan yang lebih kontekstual, adil dan telus. Kajian ini turut mencadangkan penglibatan aktif institusi dakwah dan pendakwah secara umumnya dalam memperkasa literasi digital dalam kalangan pendakwah agar mereka mampu menyesuaikan diri dengan cabaran algoritma tanpa mengorbankan nilai asas dakwah.

The rapid advancement of digital innovation should be harnessed by Muslims as a vital medium for contemporary da'wah. This study aims to examine the challenges faced by Islamic preachers in conveying their message through social media, particularly when their content is filtered by artificial intelligence (AI) systems employed by major digital platforms such as YouTube, TikTok, and Facebook. Although AI-based content moderation systems are developed to curb the spread of harmful information, they frequently fail to account for religious and cultural contexts, resulting in the unjustified restriction of legitimate da'wah content.This research adopts a qualitative approach, employing content analysis of media reports, user complaints, and previous studies that document cases of da'wah content censorship. The findings indicate that AI-driven censorship stems not only from algorithms trained on biased datasets but is also influenced by user reports and ambiguous platform policies concerning religious content.The study recommends improvements to content moderation systems to make them more contextual, fair, and transparent. It further suggests the active involvement of Islamic institutions and preachers in strengthening digital literacy among da'wah practitioners, enabling them to navigate algorithmic challenges without compromising the fundamental values of da'wah.

THE MALAY SCHOLARS’ REJECTION OF WAHHABI IDEOLOGY: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS

2025-06-19T17:29:46+08:00

This study investigates the intellectual resistance of Malay scholars toward the spread of Wahhabi ideology, tracing both historical and contemporary responses within the framework of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama’ah. Originating in the early 20th century through reformist movements aligned with Wahhabi principles, most notably Kaum Muda, the introduction of this ideology into the Malay Archipelago triggered theological and sociocultural tensions, challenging long-established religious traditions rooted in Shafi’i jurisprudence and Ash’ari theology. The problem addressed in this study centers on how Wahhabi ideology, with its rigid textual literalism and rejection of taqlid, mysticism, and communal practices such as tawassul and talqīn, prompted a counter-response among Malay religious elites. Employing a qualitative methodology, this research draws upon classical texts, fatwas, and writings by prominent scholars such as Shaikh Muhammad Syafie of Patani, Sheikh Uthman Jalaluddin al-Kelantani, and Sheikh Abdul Qadir al-Mandili. Through critical analysis, the findings reveal that the scholars’ opposition was grounded in theological reasoning and sociocultural awareness, highlighting their concern for preserving religious harmony and resisting divisive sectarian ideologies. The study identifies core themes in the scholars’ critique, such as safeguarding Sunni orthodoxy, defending spiritual traditions, and rejecting takfiri tendencies. By positioning Wahhabism alongside historical extremist sects like the Khawarij, Malay scholars framed their rebuttals within a broader Islamic intellectual tradition. This research contributes to understanding the dynamics of theological resistance in Southeast Asia, offering insights into the role of localized scholarly authority in countering ideological extremism. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of sustaining intellectual continuity and spiritual moderation to uphold communal integrity in the face of imported radical currents.

INTEGRATING PSYCHOLOGICAL WOMEN EMPOWERMENT INTO AI-DRIVEN ETHICAL FRAMEWORKS: A FACTORIAL ANALYSIS APPROACH

2025-06-17T16:48:40+08:00

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed various sectors, yet its ethical implications, particularly concerning marginalized groups such as women, remain inadequately addressed. This study explores the dimensions of Psychological Women Empowerment (PWE) and investigates how these dimensions can be integrated into a global ethical framework shaped by AI. Using factorial analysis, the research identifies three key factors of psychological empowerment: Leadership, Improve Welfare, and Community Organizing (Factor 1), Self-Identity and Responsibility (Factor 2), and Increase Awareness (Factor 3). The study, which involved 500 respondents, further examines how AI can be leveraged to enhance women's empowerment while adhering to ethical principles such as fairness, transparency, and accountability. The findings indicate that AI-driven solutions can significantly contribute to women's empowerment, provided they are designed with ethical considerations in mind. This research offers valuable insights for policymakers, AI developers, and researchers working towards a more equitable and ethical global society.

MEKANISME PENYELESAIAN ISU LOT LIDI: SINERGI APLIKASI SEKSYEN-SEKSYEN 197 DAN 76 KANUN TANAH NEGARA

2025-06-18T15:08:25+08:00

Isu pendaftaran nama pembeli lot lidi dalam dokumen hakmilik masih belum menemui jalan penyelesaian. Kegagalan pendaftaran ini menyebabkan pembeli lot lidi tidak dapat menikmati hak-hak yang dijamin oleh Kanun Tanah Negara (KTN). Kajian ini menumpukan kepada aspek perundangan tanah dalam mencari jalan penyelesaian pendaftaran nama pembeli di dalam dokumen. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk membangunkan kaedah penyelesaian berasaskan kepada seksyen-seksyen 197 dan 76 KTN. Kajian ini merupakan kajian kualitatif dengan menggunakan kaedah temubual separa berstruktur melibatkan responden-responden daripada pentadbiran tanah, pegawai undang-undang, pengamal undang-undang dan ahli akademik. Hasil kajian ini mendapati sinergi seksyen-seksyen 197 dan 76 KTN boleh digunapakai sebagai kaedah penyelesaian isu pendaftaran nama pembeli di dalam dokumen hakmilik. Penemuan ini dapat membuka ruang penyelesaian dengan pendaftaran nama pembeli di dalam dokumen hakmilik.

The issue of registering the names of lot lidi purchasers in the document of land title remains unresolved. The failure to register these names has resulted in purchasers being unable to enjoy the rights guaranteed under the National Land Code (NLC). This study focuses on the legal aspects of land administration in seeking a solution for the registration of purchasers' names in document of title. The objective of this study is to develop a legal solution based on sections 197 and 76 of the NLC. Employing a qualitative research approach, the study utilises semi-structured interviews with respondents comprising land administrators, legal officers, legal practitioners, and academics. The findings of the study reveal that the synergy between sections 197 and 76 of the NLC may serve as a viable legal framework to address the issue of registering purchasers’ names in document of title. This discovery offers a potential pathway toward resolving the registration problem and ensuring that purchasers’ names are formally recorded in document of title.

A NEW APPROACH IN VISUALISING HUMAN EMOTIONS USING BRAINWAVE-DRIVEN GENERATIVE ART

2025-06-18T10:22:39+08:00

This paper delves into the exciting potential of real-time generative art as a powerful tool for visualizing emotion-based data, especially within creative collaborations. The research specifically narrowed on generative art, affective data, and creative teamwork. The main aim is to figure out just how generative art can effectively capture the intricate nature of human emotions and stand as a truly valid method for data visualization. A qualitative approach is chosen in getting participants involved in a self-tracking process. An electroencephalogram (EEG) device is used, specifically the Muse 2 headband, to get real-time visualizations of emotions. The data collected included brainwave activity and reflections on personal life events. Focusing on two key emotions: enjoyment and sadness, using text to stir up those personal experiences. The different brainwave frequencies, Alpha, Beta, Delta, Theta, and Gamma were then mapped directly to specific visual parameters of a 3D torus shape. These generative visuals can really be used as a fantastic data visualization method for some deep analysis into human mental well-being. Generative art can indeed capture a wide array of emotions and provides real-time visualizations of complex data without the removal of data noise. This research clearly showed that enjoyment and sadness each have its own distinct visual characteristics, which are reflected in the motion and visual qualities of the generated art. Crucially, the generative system actually considers that data noise instead of removing it, giving a much more authentic representation of emotions. Participants had heightened awareness and concentration while collaborating creatively. Ultimately, this research concludes that real-time generative art is a super effective way to visualize data and capture the intricate complexity of human emotions. By using raw brainwave data, the creation of unique visualizations of personal experiences without needing verbal or written explanations. This method truly offers a deeper understanding of emotions, which is vital for assessing mental well-being.

PERANAN KAPAL SEBAGAI ALAT STRATEGIK DALAM PEMBENTUKAN DAN PENGUKUHAN KUASA UTHMANIYYAH

2025-06-18T17:12:24+08:00

Kapal telah menjadi aset strategik bagi sesebuah kerajaan sejak zaman dahulu. Sejak zaman tamadun awal seperti Mesir Purba, Yunani, dan Rom, kapal digunakan untuk mengawal laluan perdagangan, memperluas wilayah, serta menjalin hubungan diplomatik. Dalam konteks kerajaan Uthmaniyyah, kapal memainkan peranan penting dalam mengukuhkan kerajaan ini. Pada peringkat awal, masyarakat Uthmaniyyah kurang berpengalaman dalam teknologi perkapalan kerana latar belakang mereka sebagai kaum nomad yang berpindah-randah dari satu dataran subur ke dataran yang lain. Namun, selepas penaklukan Gallipoli pada tahun 1354M, mereka mula menyedari kepentingan kapal, khususnya dalam menghubungkan wilayah kekuasaan mereka di Asia dan Eropah. Namun, peranan kapal tidak terhenti sekadar sebagai instrumen penghubung wilayah, sebaliknya ia menjadi elemen penting dalam pengukuhan kerajaan tersebut. Oleh itu, kajian ini menganalisis peranan kapal dalam pembentukan dan pengukuhan kuasa Uthmaniyyah dengan meneliti aspek politik, ekonomi, dan sosial. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui kajian sejarah dan analisis kandungan. Data dikumpul menerusi kajian dokumen dan dianalisis menggunakan kaedah tematik serta deskriptif. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa kapal bukan sahaja berperanan dalam memperluas pengaruh politik Uthmaniyyah melalui ekspedisi ketenteraan dan penaklukan strategik, tetapi juga menjadi instrumen penting dalam mengekalkan kestabilan kerajaan dengan mengawal laluan perairan utama serta menjalin hubungan diplomatik dengan kuasa luar. Dari aspek ekonomi, perkembangan industri pembinaan kapal dan perdagangan laut telah meningkatkan hasil pendapatan kerajaan serta memperkukuh jaringan ekonomi dengan wilayah lain. Dari sudut sosial, penguasaan perairan telah memudahkan mobiliti penduduk, mempercepat interaksi antara komuniti, dan menyumbang kepada penyebaran budaya serta agama Islam. Oleh itu, tidak dapat dinafikan bahawa kapal bukan sekadar alat pengangkutan, tetapi merupakan elemen strategik yang menyumbang kepada pengukuhan dan kelangsungan kerajaan Uthmaniyyah dalam jangka masa panjang.

Ships have long been regarded as strategic assets by states and empires. In early civilizations like Ancient Egypt, Greece, and Rome, ships were used to control trade routes, expand territories, and establish diplomatic relations. In the case of the Ottoman Empire, ships played a crucial role in strengthening imperial power. Initially, the Ottomans were inexperienced in maritime technology due to their nomadic origins. However, after the conquest of Gallipoli in 1354, they recognized the significance of naval power, particularly for connecting their dominions across Asia and Europe. Ships, however, were not merely tools of territorial connection; they became vital for consolidating the empire. This study analyzes the strategic role of ships in the formation and consolidation of Ottoman power, focusing on political, economic, and social aspects. Using a qualitative approach through historical research and content analysis, data were gathered from documentary sources and analyzed thematically and descriptively. The findings indicate that ships facilitated the expansion of Ottoman political influence through military campaigns and strategic conquests. They also helped maintain stability by securing maritime routes and enabling diplomatic relations with foreign powers. Economically, the growth of shipbuilding and maritime trade bolstered state revenues and reinforced economic networks. Socially, naval control facilitated population mobility, promoted intercommunity interaction, and aided the spread of Islamic culture. Thus, ships were not just transportation tools but critical strategic instruments contributing to the long-term sustainability of the Ottoman Empire.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) IN ISLAMIC FINANCE: A MAQASID AL-SHARIAH PERSPECTIVE

2025-06-17T16:24:22+08:00

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Islamic finance presents both opportunities and challenges, particularly in ensuring compliance with Maqasid al-Shariah. This paper provides a conceptual analysis of how AI-driven financial services align with the five key dimensions of Maqasid al-Shariah-preservation of religion, life, intellect, wealth, and lineage. While AI enhances efficiency, financial inclusion, and risk management in Islamic finance, ethical concerns arise regarding algorithmic transparency, fairness, data privacy, and the potential for gharar (excessive uncertainty) and riba (usury). This paper explores the necessity of developing AI governance frameworks rooted in Shariah principles to ensure that technological advancements contribute to justice, social welfare, and economic stability in the Islamic finance industry. The study concludes that a Maqasid-based approach to AI in Islamic finance is crucial for maintaining ethical integrity, fostering innovation, and ensuring sustainable financial growth.

PUBLIC ACCEPTANCE TOWARDS DENGUE PREVENTION TECHNIQUES IN MALAYSIA: A SCOPING REVIEW

2025-06-18T12:15:28+08:00

This research aims to explore the public's acceptance of dengue prevention techniques in Malaysia, specifically emphasizing alternative approaches like autocidal traps. It offers a recent review and analysis of previous researches, investigating the behavioral factors that impact public support for dengue control techniques. Online articles from Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and UKMLibrary were used. The scoping review protocol was applied in this study. A total of 15 relevant articles published from 2019 to 2025 were filtered and grouped into three primary categories for review: conventional techniques (e.g., fogging, larviciding), alternative techniques (e.g., Wolbachia, GM mosquitoes, autocidal traps), and behavioral factors. Findings indicated that while knowledge, perceived effectiveness, risk perception, and trust in authorities significantly impact acceptance, alternative prevention techniques receive comparatively less public support due to limited awareness and engagement. Furthermore, many current studies lack a theoretical framework, which limits the depth of behavioral understanding. This review underscores the critical need for theory-based public health research to enhance community involvement, particularly in dengue hotspot areas like Klang Valley, and to guide future policies and strategies for dengue prevention.

IDENTIFYING SPEECH ACTS USED BY MUSIC FANS: STREET INTERVIEW BY TRACK STAR SHOW ON TIKTOK

2025-06-17T18:03:43+08:00

This research qualitatively investigated the application of speech acts in street interviews done on the Track Star @trackstarshow, a popular TikTok account that connects music fans with other fans in New York. The research aims to determine the most frequent speech acts and learn how these language functions are employed in this virtual, casual setting. Drawing on John Searle's illocutionary act theory, the research examined how speakers perform various linguistic acts through informal interviews, such as requests, assertions, questions, and compliments. Besides, this study looked at the role of speech acts in building rapport, addressing the audience, and managing social interactions. The research discovered that the speakers in the interviews used assertive, expressive and directive speech acts mostly in the selected interviews. The speakers also applied declarative statements. The findings contribute to the growing body of literature on digital communication, offering new insights into the intersection of language, media, and social interaction in digital spaces.

EXAMINING SPEECH ACTS AS LINGUISTIC SIGNS OF COERCION IN MALAYSIAN PARLIAMENTARY DISCOURSE ON LANGUAGE POLICY

2025-06-18T16:59:51+08:00

In a political discourse like a parliamentary debate, speech acts are used to convince or persuade others to believe in parliamentarians’ course of actions. The speech acts are used as part of coercive strategies when the third level, i.e., the perlocutionary acts, are manipulated for the purpose of getting an immediate effect through a speaker’s words. The acts include persuading, convincing, scaring, insulting, and getting the addressee to do something. This study examined the Malaysian Parliamentarians’ (MPs) discursive statements on a debatable language issue; the use of English in the teaching and learning of Science and Mathematics. Debate transcripts (hansards) that consist of speeches of the government-alliance MPs were analysed to see how the speech acts were adopted as coercive strategies in positioning themselves and the policy at the parliamentary level. Adopting a semiotic approach, this research investigates the use of linguistic features of coercion in a large pool of data collected from verbatim written transcripts of the Dewan Rakyat, which were available online. The results of the study indicated that a high number of coercive signs were adopted by the MPs when deliberating support for the policy implementation. Moreover, inferences made on the manipulations of the coercive signs illustrated that the MPs would opt for the signs that helped show their credibility and accountability in relation to the policy implementation. This study is significant in revealing the Malaysian parliamentarians’ political stances in dealing with a debatable language policy by using speech acts as coercive linguistic signs.

INTEGRATING CULTURAL NARRATIVES INTO SUBWAY ADVERTISING: ENHANCING URBAN IDENTITY AND BRAND PERCEPTION

2025-06-17T16:07:05+08:00

This research reviews the potential of metro advertising as a medium for showcasing urban culture and facilitating cultural exchange. First, it introduces the significance of metro advertising as a carrier of cultural communication, emphasizing the practical value of exploring the use of cultural symbols, regional characteristics, and city branding strategies. Subsequently, the theoretical frameworks are systematically reviewed, focusing on the design challenges in multicultural contexts, particularly the effective use of cultural symbols to ensure clear communication and avoid cultural misunderstandings. Based on an analysis of domestic and international research, this study further examines the role of metro advertising in promoting intangible cultural heritage, enriching cultural experiences, and enhancing cultural identity. Finally, integrating advancements in digital technology and interactive formats, the study proposes future trends and innovative approaches for metro advertising to foster urban cultural identity. This research aims to provide a reference for metro advertising design and cultural communication studies, offering new insights into strengthening urban cultural identity.

HIBURAN DAN KESENIAN DI MALAYSIA: MAQASID SYARIAH SEBAGAI INDIKATOR

2025-06-18T11:40:29+08:00

Hiburan dan kesenian saling berkait dan ia sentiasa menjadi bidang perdebatan ulama mengenai beberapa perkara yang bersangkutan dengannya. Maqasid syariah adalah Maqasid syariah bermaksud objektif atau matlamat pensyariatan hukum-hukum di dalam Islam.kajian ini adalah berkaitan menjadikan maqasid syariah sebagai salah satu indikator dalam penilaian hiburan dan kesenian. Kajian bersifat kualitatif yang menjadikan kajian perpustakaan dan menggunakan teknik analisis kandungan untuk menyemak paandangan ulama terkini dan kontemporari mengenai isu-isi di dalam kesenian dan hiburan. Hukum asal hiburan dan kesenian adalah harus, maka kajian ini akan menyatakan kepentingan kegunaan maqasid syariah sekaligus maqasid syariah wajar dijadikan salah satu indikator dalam penentuan ketidakpatuhan hiburan dan kesenian dari aspek syariah.

Entertainment and the arts are intrinsically linked and have long been subjects of scholarly discourse, particularly among Islamic jurists, due to various issues associated with their practice and consumption. Maqasid Shariah, which refers to the objectives or higher intents of Islamic law, provides a valuable framework for assessing these domains. This study aims to explore the potential of Maqasid Shariah as an evaluative indicator in the assessment of entertainment and the arts within the Malaysian context. Adopting a qualitative approach, this research is grounded in library-based methods and utilizes content analysis to examine contemporary and classical scholarly perspectives on issues surrounding artistic and entertainment expressions. Given that the original ruling (hukm asal) of entertainment and the arts is one of permissibility (harus), this study underscores the importance of employing Maqasid Shariah as a guiding principle. It argues that Maqasid Shariah should be recognized as a critical indicator for determining the Shariah compliance or non-compliance of entertainment and artistic activities. By doing so, this research contributes to the development of a more structured and principled framework for evaluating the ethical and religious dimensions of cultural expressions in a pluralistic society.

THE CONCEPT OF WHISTLEBLOWING: HOW IS IT APPLIED IN MALAYSIA?

2025-06-17T17:31:26+08:00

Whistleblowing serves as a critical mechanism for promoting transparency and accountability in Malaysia, particularly in the fight against unethical or illegal behaviour such as corruption. This article explores the legal framework surrounding whistleblowing in Malaysia, focusing on the Whistleblower Protection Act 2010. It examines the legal protections afforded to whistleblowers, including laws designed to prevent retaliation and encourage reporting of unethical or illegal behaviours. Additionally, the article explores the role of the enforcement agencies in facilitating and safeguarding whistleblowing activities. This article applied qualitative study by analysing the effectiveness of these legal provisions and institutional support systems. The article offers insights into the effectiveness of the whistleblowing practices in Malaysia. The article concludes with recommendations for strengthening legal protections to better protect those who expose unethical behaviour particularly corruption, emphasizing the need for continued legal reform to ensure whistleblowers can contribute effectively to upholding accountability and transparency in Malaysia.

ANALISIS POLISI KUTIPAN DAN AGIHAN ZAKAT OLEH PUSAT PUNGUTAN ZAKAT MAJLIS AGAMA ISLAM WILAYAH PERSEKUTUAN (PPZ-MAIWP) KETIKA KETIDAKTENTUAN SITUASI

2025-06-18T16:05:23+08:00

Masyarakat seluruh dunia telah menghadapi perubahan besar dan melalui norma baharu akibat pandemik COVID-19. Perkara ini berlaku apabila Pertubuhan Kesihatan Sedunia (WHO) telah mengisytiharkan wabak ini sebagai fasa pandemik pada tahun 2020. Kini fasa tersebut telah memasuki fasa endemik kerana kejayaan pelaksanaan program vaksinasi yang meluas di seluruh negara. Pandemik COVID-19 ini telah mengakibatkan terjejasnya pelbagai sektor terutama sektor ekonomi dan kesihatan. Perkara ini telah menyebabkan institusi zakat tidak terkecuali daripada menghadapi kesan yang ketara khususnya dalam kutipan dan agihan zakat. Oleh itu, artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji polisi pengendalian pungutan dan agihan zakat oleh Pusat Pungutan Zakat Majlis Agama Islam Wilayah Persekutuan (PPZ-MAIWP) semasa pandemik COVID-19 di Wilayah Persekutuan. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui kajian kepustakaan melibatkan buku, artikel, jurnal, akhbar, laman sesawang rasmi PPZ-MAIWP, polisi PPZ-MAIWP dan pekeliling yang berkaitan. Metode analisis kandungan akan digunakan terhadap sumber, bahan dan dokumen yang telah diperolehi. Berdasarkan kepada hasil dapatan kajian, pihak PPZ MAIWP telah melaksanakan alternatif yang signifikan dalam aspek pungutan dan agihan zakat ketika menghadapi pandemik COVID-19. Alternatif yang dilakukan ialah melaksanakan kempen yang meluas dalam media-media elektronik, memberikan bantuan secara berkala mengikut keadaan, bantuan secara pukal, bekerjasama dengan pelbagai pihak bagi melancarkan pungutan dan agihan zakat. Bagi melicinkan agihan ketika pandemik, PPZ-MAIWP juga telah melancarkan Bantuan Khas COVID-19. Langkah proaktif yang dilakukan oleh PPZ-MAIWP dilihat mampu mengurangkan beban kepada asnaf ketika pandemik COVID-19 terutama dalam sektor ekonomi di Wilayah Persekutuan.

The global community has undergone significant transformations and adapted to new norms following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, officially declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2020. The situation has since transitioned into an endemic phase due to the successful implementation of widespread vaccination programs across nations. The COVID-19 pandemic severely impacted multiple sectors, particularly the economy and public health. Zakat institutions were no exception, as they too experienced notable disruptions in zakat collection and distribution processes. Therefore, this article aims to examine the policy measures undertaken by the Zakat Collection Centre of the Federal Territories Islamic Religious Council (PPZ-MAIWP) in managing zakat collection and distribution during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Federal Territories of Malaysia. This study adopts a qualitative approach through library-based research, reviewing books, articles, journals, newspapers, PPZ-MAIWP’s official websites, its policies, and relevant circulars. Content analysis methodology is employed to analyze the collected materials and documents. The findings reveal that PPZ-MAIWP implemented significant alternatives in both collection and distribution of zakat during the pandemic. These measures included extensive campaigns via electronic media, periodic and condition-based financial aid, bulk disbursements, and strategic collaborations with various stakeholders to ensure efficient zakat operations. Moreover, PPZ-MAIWP launched a Special COVID-19 Assistance program to streamline distribution during the crisis. These proactive initiatives were instrumental in alleviating the economic burden of the asnaf (zakat beneficiaries) in the Federal Territories during the pandemic.

A CONCEPTUAL PAPER ON SHARIAH-COMPLIANT BUY NOW PAY LATER (BNPL): REVIEWING LITERATURE AND IDENTIFYING RESEARCH GAPS

2025-06-18T11:08:16+08:00

The advent of Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) services has precipitated a paradigm shift in consumer financing, ushering in a new era of flexible payment options within the digital commerce landscape. While substantial research has been conducted on conventional BNPL models, there has been limited exploration of Shariah-compliant alternatives that are in alignment with Islamic financial principles. As demand for ethical, interest-free financing increases, Shariah-compliant BNPL emerges as a viable alternative to conventional credit-based systems. However, a comprehensive examination of the influence of religious values on consumer behaviour, particularly within the context of Islamic finance, remains a significant gap in the current literature. This paper critically reviews existing research on BNPL adoption and ethical financial practices, identifying notable gaps, especially regarding consumer awareness of Shariah-compliant options and their decision-making processes. By synthesizing the findings of previous studies, this paper identifies significant theoretical limitations and puts forward recommendations for future research directions. A more profound comprehension of the factors influencing the adoption of Shariah-compliant BNPL is imperative for enhancing financial literacy, fostering consumer trust, and promoting sustainable ethical finance. This study makes a significant contribution to the expanding domain of Islamic fintech by offering actionable insights for policymakers, financial institutions, and researchers who aim to develop and promote inclusive, Shariah-compliant financial solutions.

FLOOD EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS (FEWS) IN ENHANCING DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND COMMUNITY RESILIENCE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2025-06-19T17:44:42+08:00

The increasing frequency and severity of flood events necessitate robust Flood Early Warning Systems (FEWS) to mitigate disaster impacts and enhance community resilience. This systematic review aims to synthesise recent advances and practices in FEWS and their effectiveness in fostering resilient communities. This study addresses challenges of integrating technological innovations and community engagement to improve flood preparedness and response. Methodologically, a comprehensive scholarly literature search was conducted using Scopus and Web of Science databases, covering publications from 2021 onwards. The flow of the study is based on the PRISMA framework. The analysis was based on a total of (n=238) articles were screened, with (n=32) studies meeting the inclusion criteria. The study yielded results indicating that integrating technological innovations, community engagement, local knowledge, policy intervention, and investment are imperative in improving community resilience through Flood EWS. The economic analyses indicated that such systems are cost-effective and have strong community backing. Notably, the identification and classification of digital tools in disaster education, local knowledge in context, the role of community engagement, and the technological systems, as well as the place and importance of policy and cost intervention, all emerged as important themes. In this regard, the study makes a call for further research towards the development of integrated, adaptable, and community-based FEWS frameworks that cater to the needs and conditions of specific places. By so doing, this research provides a comprehensive review that supplies critical information for practitioners, policymakers, and researchers working advancement and implementation of flood EWS to enhance resilient communities in the wake of increasing flood risk.

ANALYSIS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY NEWS IN REALIZING DEVELOPMENT JOURNALISM ON THE KOMPAS.COM NEWS PORTAL

2025-06-17T17:05:21+08:00

In general, news renewable energy coverage in the mass media is still considered less interesting and not optimal as a means of development journalism to educate the public. This study aims to determine the extent to which the Kompas.com news portal applies the principles of development journalism in building public awareness of renewable energy in order to realize the SDGs. With a qualitative descriptive approach using the purposive sampling method and coding techniques, this study took 85 Kompas.com news articles regarding the use of renewable energy published from January to December 2024. The results of the study show that Kompas.com's reporting has focused on presenting government policies and renewable energy potential, with 34 news articles using sources from the government, researchers, and NGOs, thus supporting sustainable development strategies. However, coverage of community participation is still very limited, with only 8 news articles featuring community voices, indicating the dominance of a top-down perspective in reporting. In addition, although there is the use of data and expert analysis, the coverage is not balanced due to the lack of comparison with data from independent sources such as environmental organizations, independent academics, or NGOs. Thus, this study concludes that although Kompas.com has implemented several principles of development journalism, improvements are still needed in the representation of community voices and the presentation of more balanced and objective coverage to support the renewable energy transition and sustainable development in Indonesia.

USLUB BEDIUZZAMAN SAID NURSI BERBICARA PERIHAL IMAN MELALUI KITAB RISALAH KALIMAH-KALIMAH KECIL

2025-06-18T15:23:38+08:00

Uslub merupakan cara atau metode yang secara lazimnya digandingkan penggunaannya dalam aspek seni lafaz atau bahasa dalam komunikasi. Keutamaan uslub dalam komunikasi menjadikan penutur lebih kreatif dalam menghuraikan sesuatu makna sesuai dengan tujuan dan tahap pemikiran penerima. Bediuzzaman Said Nursi antara tokoh yang sangat kaya dengan penggunaan seni lafaz dan bahasa dalam berkarya. Karya yang ditinggalkan beliau kebanyakannya ditulis menekankan uslub bahasa penuh hikmah yang menuntut pembaca untuk menyedari dan bertafakur memahami hakikat seorang hamba kepada penciptanya. Penggunaan uslub seperti ini tidak hanya menzahirkan keberhasilan suatu proses dalam komunikasi tetapi ia juga menjelaskan tentang keberkesanan terhadap ruh, akal dan hati serta emosi manusia bagi memperoleh cara untuk meningkatkan iman di dalam diri. Tujuan artikel ini ditulis untuk mengkaji uslub lafaz dan bahasa yang digunakan Bediuzzaman Said Nursi ketika berbicara tentang iman di dalam diri manusia. Kitab Risalah Kalimah-kalimah Kecil menjadi tumpuan kajian ini kerana sumber isi yang dipersembahkan dalam kitab tersebut adalah dipetik daripada ayat-ayat al-Quran dan hadis Nabi Muhammad SAW yang dihurai dengan penuh hikmah dan berhati-hati. Data dikumpul menggunakan dokumen khusus iaitu kitab terjemahan dari Bahasa Arab dan Melayu. Seterusnya data dianalisis menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan yang tertumpu kepada uslub bahasa yang digunakan ketika beliau membuat huraian. Hasil perbincangan mendapati Bediuzzaman Said Nursi telah menggunakan aspek perumpamaan, kisah, soal jawab dan seruan sebagai uslub dalam menghurai tentang hakikat iman seorang manusia. Artikel ini dijangka dapat membuka minda masyarakat untuk lebih mengenali tokoh mujaddid ini di samping dapat membentuk fikrah dan diri ke arah acuan kehidupan yang lebih baik.

Uslub refers to the style or method typically associated with the artistic and rhetorical use of language in communication. The strategic application of uslub enables a speaker or writer to convey meaning more creatively and effectively, in alignment with the audience’s cognitive and emotional capacities. Bediuzzaman Said Nursi stands out as a scholar renowned for his masterful use of language and eloquence in his writings. His works consistently reflect a profound linguistic style imbued with wisdom, designed to prompt readers toward deep reflection on the human condition and their relationship with the Creator. This article aims to examine the rhetorical and linguistic style employed by Bediuzzaman Said Nursi in articulating the concept of faith within the human self. The study focuses on Risalah Kalimah-Kalimah Kecil, a treatise in which Nursi interprets verses from the Qur’an and prophetic traditions with deliberate care and philosophical depth. Data for this study were obtained from Malay and Arabic translations of the original text, and analyzed through content analysis, with emphasis on the rhetorical strategies employed. The findings indicate that Nursi employs parables, narratives, dialogical exchanges, and exhortations as key rhetorical devices to elucidate the nature of faith. This study highlights how such a method not only facilitates effective communication but also resonates with the soul, intellect, and emotions of the reader, ultimately nurturing a deeper spiritual consciousness. It is anticipated that this article will contribute to greater recognition of Bediuzzaman Said Nursi as a prominent Islamic reformer, while offering insights into the cultivation of thought and character in pursuit of a more meaningful and principled life.

POTENSI WAKAF PERTANIAN ALTERNATIF KETERJAMINAN MAKANAN

2025-06-18T10:39:54+08:00

Makanan merupakan keperluan asasi kehidupan. Selari dengan peningkatan populasi manusia global, permintaan terhadap makanan turut bertambah. Pelbagai cabaran perubahan iklim, pencemaran sumber tanah dan air menjadi antara isu dalam pengeluaran makanan. Keterjaminan makanan atau sekuriti makanan dilihat sebagai perkara penting untuk kelestarian kehidupan yang sihat, kualiti pengibadatan, kemajuan ekonomi, pendidikan berterusan, kemakmuran dan kesejahteraan mobiliti sosial. Kajian mengenalpasti instrument wakaf pertanian sebagai satu kaedah alternatif yang turut membantu peningkatan bekalan makanan. Artikel ini merupakan kajian konseptual menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dengan meneliti sumber data perpustakaan. Hasil kajian memaparkan bahawa wakaf pertanian mempunyai potensi yang tinggi dalam meningkatkan kualiti dan kuantiti bekalan makanan negara. Kajian memberi manfaat kepada masyarakat dalam meningkatkan kefahaman berhubung wakaf kontemporari. Pada masa yang sama memberi maklumat kepada pihak berkepentingan untuk cakna berkaitan potensi wakaf pertanian untuk kelestarian bekalan makanan.

Food is a fundamental necessity of life. In line with the increasing global human population, the demand for food has also risen. Various challenges, including climate change, land and water resource pollution, have become significant issues in food production. Food security is regarded as a crucial aspect for sustaining a healthy life, ensuring the quality of worship, driving economic progress, supporting continuous education, and fostering prosperity and social mobility. This study identifies agricultural waqf as an alternative instrument that contributes to enhancing food supply. The article is a conceptual study employing a qualitative approach by examining library-based data sources. The findings indicate that agricultural waqf holds significant potential in improving both the quality and quantity of the national food supply. This study benefits society by enhancing understanding of contemporary waqf practices, while also providing valuable insights for relevant stakeholders to recognize the potential of agricultural waqf in ensuring food supply sustainability.

STRENGTHENING ETHICS IN RADIATION PROTECTION: A REVIEW OF WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) 2022 POLICY

2025-06-18T17:16:38+08:00

Medical imaging is vital in modern healthcare, yet its radiation protection practices have historically centered on scientific and technical principles, often overlooking explicit ethical considerations. In 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) proposed the formal integration of ethics as a fourth independent pillar. This paper reviews WHO’s policy brief, analysing its rationale, framework and implementation strategies. Drawing on literature, policy documents and ethical theory, the review finds that the proposal aims to embed core bioethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice into routine imaging decisions. It emphasizes education, policy reform, governance alignment and culture change as essential components of this integration. While the framework offers a holistic shift toward more patient-centered and ethically sound imaging practices, it also presents challenges such as variable ethical norms across cultures, potential resistance from practitioners and a lack of measurable ethical indicators. The paper concludes that WHO’s proposal is a timely and necessary step in aligning radiological protection with broader trends in patient-centered care and medical ethics. However, its success depends on multi-level collaboration, clear implementation pathways and ongoing evaluation. When fully realized, the ethics pillar has the potential to strengthen trust, improve patient outcomes and ensure radiological practices uphold both scientific integrity and moral responsibility.

ADDRESSING POVERTY IN MALAYSIA: ANALYZING 2022 POVERTY STATISTICS, GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES, AND FUTURE CHALLENGES

2025-06-17T16:35:22+08:00

This study examines poverty in Malaysia using 2022 statistical data, focusing on disparities across states, ethnic groups, and urban-rural divides. The findings reveal that states like Sabah (28.5%) and Sarawak (14.6%) have the highest rural poverty rates, while Bumiputera households face a higher incidence of absolute poverty (7.9%) compared to Chinese (1.9%) and Indian households (5.4%). The paper explores challenges such as policy implementation gaps, economic volatility, and regional inequalities. It also evaluates government initiatives like Bantuan Sara Hidup (BSH) and the Digital DESA Program, which have shown measurable success in alleviating poverty. The findings emphasize the need for targeted policies, enhanced digital infrastructure, and localized strategies to build long-term resilience and promote an inclusive Malaysia.

PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC ARCHIVES ADMINISTRATION TASKS IN MALAYSIA BASED ON THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES ACT 2003 (ACT 629)

2025-06-18T12:29:36+08:00

The National Archives Act 2003 (Act 629) is an act enacted to ensure that public archives in Malaysia can be administered well to ensure that this valuable source of information is always safe, accessible and used for reference by current and future researchers. Among the provisions in this act are those related to the tasks that need to be carried out to ensure that the public archives can always be administered well. In this regard, the objective of this paper is to analyze the question of what the tasks and their characteristics are. The method used to achieve this objective is to use the literature review method on the content of information sources such as the National Archives Act 2003 (Act 629), reference books, articles, acts and other related regulations. Based on this analysis, it was found that there are four public archives administration tasks as stipulated by this act. The names of the four tasks are the processing and preservation of public archives, access to public archives, access to classified archives and prohibition on reproduction and publication of public archives. The characteristics of each of these tasks are discussed in this paper. It is hoped that the results of this analysis will contribute to increasing the reader's knowledge of the administrative tasks of public archives in Malaysia and their characteristics as stipulated by the National Archives Act 2003 (Act 629). It is also hoped that the findings from this analysis will be able to catalyze more in-depth study related to the administrative tasks of this very valuable information source of our nation in the future.

MUHAMMAD UTHMAN EL – MUHAMMADY: IDEA DAN SUMBANGAN DALAM PEMIKIRAN ISLAM KONTEMPORARI

2025-06-18T10:07:20+08:00

Artikel ini mengkaji sumbangan dan idea seorang tokoh karismatik sastera dan falsafah Islam serta pendakwah terkemuka, Dr. Muhammad Uthman El-Muhammady, yang telah memberi impak besar terhadap pemahaman Islam dalam masyarakat moden. Selain merupakan seorang Polymath dalam pelbagai bidang pemikiran Islam termasuk ilmu logik kalam tasawuf, beliau turut dikenali dengan pemikiran falsafah barat yang merentasi zaman khususnya falsafah barat moden. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan dalam menganalisis secara deskriptif karya Dr. Muhammad Uthman El-Muhammady selain artikel dan jurnal yang memberi tumpuan kepada jejak intelektual serta pandangan beliau yang berlandaskan pegangan Sunnah wal Jamaah dalam pelbagai bidang. Objektif penulisan ini adalah bagi mengulas tentang ketokohan beliau dalam bidang pemikiran seperti akidah, dakwah, sosial, politik dan kesusasteraan Islam selain meneliti sumbangannya dalam membentuk pemikiran Islam yang relevan dengan cabaran semasa. Hasil dapatan menunjukkan beliau dianggap sebagai inteligensia Muslim kontemporari berikutan karya-karya beliau yang mencakupi aspek kehidupan seharian sering dijadikan rujukan oleh pihak akademia, badan-badan agama Islam serta institusi pengajian tinggi sehingga kini meskipun setelah pemergiannya lebih sedekad. Ketelitian, kefasihan serta kelantangan beliau dalam mengupas sesuatu isu dalam skop yang menyeluruh dalam wacana mahupun dakwahnya melalui platform yang berbeza secara tidak langsung menjadi garis panduan kepada masyarakat Islam di Malaysia dalam mendepani permasalah yang timbul sepanjang meniti arus kemodenan.

This article examines the contributions and ideas of a charismatic figure in Islamic literature and philosophy, as well as a prominent preacher, Dr. Muhammad Uthman El-Muhammady, who has had a significant impact on the understanding of Islam in modern society. In addition to being a polymath in various fields of Islamic thought, including logic, theology, and mysticism, he is also known for his ideas on Western philosophy, particularly modern Western philosophy, that transcend time. A qualitative approach is used to descriptively analyze the works of Dr. Muhammad Uthman El-Muhammady, along with articles and journals that focus on his intellectual footprint and viewpoints grounded in the Sunnah wal Jamaah tradition across various fields. The objective of this writing is to discuss his leadership in areas such as creed (akidah), da’wah, social issues, politics, and Islamic literature, as well as to examine his contributions in shaping Islamic thought that remains relevant to contemporary challenges. The findings show that Dr. Muhammad Uthman El-Muhammady is regarded as a contemporary Muslim intellectual, as his works, which encompass various aspects of daily life, continue to be referenced by academia, Islamic religious bodies, and higher educational institutions, even more than a decade after his passing. His meticulousness, eloquence, and assertiveness in addressing issues within a comprehensive scope, whether in discourses or da’wah through various platforms, have indirectly provided a guiding framework for the Muslim community in Malaysia to confront the challenges arising during the course of modernization.

PEMERKASAAN KESEDARAN HAK PENGGUNA MUSLIM DALAM PENDIDIKAN DAN PENGUATKUASAAN: ANALISIS DARI PRINSIP SYARIAH DAN UNDANG-UNDANG

2025-06-18T17:05:34+08:00

Mutakhir ini, kemajuan teknologi dunia menyaksikan kerancakan dalam sistem ekonomi dan perdagangan yang semakin pesat membangun. Walaupun perkara ini memberikan impak positif terhadap kestabilan dan daya saing anggota masyarakat, namun tidak dapat dinafikan ianya turut mengakibatkan timbul pelbagai isu kepenggunaan yang semakin kompleks. Sistem pasaran terbuka yang diamalkan dalam era perkembangan dunia kini menyebabkan masyarakat pengguna terdedah kepada manipulasi dan diskriminasi yang membawa kepada pelbagai bentuk kerugian. Oleh dari itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mencadangkan pendekatan yang sistematik dalam memperkasakan pendidikan dan penguatkuasaan undang-undang sebagai mekanisme utama bagi meningkatkan tahap kesedaran pengguna Muslim terhadap hak mereka. Bagi mencapai objektif ini, kajian dijalankan menggunakan pendekatan kaedah kualitatif yang dianalisis berdasarkan dapatan data kepustakaan dengan merujuk kepada perbincangan para ulama klasik dan kontemporari serta dokumen perundangan seperti Akta Perlindungan Pengguna 1999 bagi meneliti hak pengguna Muslim dari perspektif Syariah dan undang-undang. Hasil kajian ini mendapati bahawa prinsip dan garis panduan yang telah ditentukan dalam Islam perlu diaplikasikan beserta undang-undang dan dasar yang diambil kerajaan bagi melahirkan pengguna Muslim yang bukan sekadar bijak bahkan faham undang-undang. Keperluan kepada inisiatif yang proaktif dari sudut perspektif dan dimensi yang lebih meluas dalam mendepani perkembangan kepenggunaan yang semakin rancak perlu dilaksanakan secara holistik. Sehubungan dengan itu, kajian ini mencadangkan beberapa langkah dalam membina alternatif melalui pendidikan pengguna Muslim yang lebih sistematik serta penambahbaikan mekanisme penguatkuasaan bagi memastikan hak pengguna terus dilindungi. Ini adalah bagi memastikan sinergi antara pendidikan dan penguatkuasaan yang berlandaskan Syariah dan undang-undang mampu meningkatkan kesedaran serta keberkesanan perlindungan hak pengguna Muslim khususnya di Malaysia.

In the past few years, global advancement in technology has fuelled tremendous growth in economic and financial markets. While these changes have improved society stability and competitiveness, they have also resulted in more complex consumer difficulties. The open market system practised in today’s globalised world exposes consumers to manipulation and discrimination, often leading to various forms of loss. This study seeks to suggest a systematic method for strengthening education and legal enforcement as essential methods to elevate Muslim consumers understanding of their rights. To attain this goal, a qualitative methodology was used, with data evaluated using literature-based findings, which included classical and modern scholarly discourse as well as legal texts such as the Consumer Protection Act of 1999. This was done to analyse Muslim consumer rights from both a Shariah and legal perspective. The findings show that Islamic concepts and standards must be used in conjunction with government-enacted laws and regulations to generate Muslim consumers who are not just intelligent but also legally literate. There is an urgent need for proactive actions from various viewpoints and dimensions to handle the increasingly dynamic consumer market in a comprehensive manner. As a result, this study suggests various strategic initiatives for developing alternatives, including a more comprehensive Muslim consumer education framework and improvements to enforcement mechanisms, to ensure the continuous protection of consumer rights. This synergy between teaching and enforcement, based on both Shariah and legal frameworks, is critical for boosting awareness and improving the efficiency of consumer rights protection, particularly among Malaysia's Muslim community.

KEDINAMIKAN POLITIK MELAYU ISLAM UMNO-PAS DARI TAHUN 2008-2018: SOROTAN KAJIAN

2025-06-17T16:12:53+08:00

Kajian ini meneliti kedinamikan parti politik Melayu-Islam, iaitu United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) dan Parti Islam Se-Malaysia (PAS) yang melihat dalam konteks politik Malaysia dari tahun 2008 hingga 2018. Tempoh ini menyaksikan perubahan signifikan dalam landskap politik negara, terutamanya selepas Pilihan Raya Umum ke-12 (PRU-12) pada tahun 2008 yang menandakan kemerosotan penguasaan Barisan Nasional (BN) dan kebangkitan Pakatan Rakyat (PR) sebagai kuasa alternatif. Reka bentuk kajian ini ialah menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dan kajian ini mengunakan Sorotan Kajian. Kajian ini menganalisis beberapa kajian dan artikel jurnal yang menerangkan berkenaan UMNO dan PAS. Hasil dari kajian ini telah menunjukkan terdapat beberapa perubahan yang signifikan terhadap dua buah parti tersebut. UMNO, sebagai parti teras BN menghadapi cabaran dalam mengekalkan sokongan tradisional pengundi Melayu, manakala PAS sebagai parti Islam utama bergelut dengan isu identiti dan strategi politik mereka antara kerjasama dengan ‘parti sekular’ dan pendekatan Islamis yang lebih tegar. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi hubungan kedua-dua parti, termasuk persaingan untuk mendapatkan sokongan pengundi Melayu-Islam, isu-isu agama, dan perubahan dinamik dalam aliran politik. Melalui analisis kajian dan artikel, ucapan pemimpin, dan keputusan pilihan raya, kajian ini memberikan gambaran komprehensif tentang evolusi hubungan UMNO-PAS dan implikasinya terhadap masa depan politik Melayu-Islam di Malaysia. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa tempoh 2008-2018 merupakan era penting dalam transformasi politik Malaysia, dengan UMNO dan PAS memainkan peranan penting dalam membentuk naratif politik Melayu-Islam.

This study examines the dynamics of two major Malay-Islamic political parties in Malaysia, United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) and the Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS) within the country’s political context from 2008 to 2018. This period marked a significant shift in Malaysia’s political landscape, particularly after the 12th General Election (GE-12) in 2008, which saw a decline in the dominance of Barisan Nasional (BN) and the rise of Pakatan Rakyat (PR) as a viable alternative coalition. The study adopts a qualitative research design through literature review. It analyses various academic studies, journal articles, political speeches, and election results to understand the changing strategies and relationships between UMNO and PAS. The findings indicate that UMNO, as the core party of BN, faced major challenges in retaining traditional Malay voter support, while PAS grappled with the dilemma of maintaining a conservative Islamist stance or cooperating with secular-leaning political parties. Competition for Malay-Muslim voter support, religious issues, and shifts in political dynamics were key factors influencing the relationship between the two parties. This research provides a comprehensive overview of the evolution of UMNO-PAS relations and its implications for the future of Malay-Islamic politics in Malaysia. The period from 2008 to 2018 is identified as a pivotal era in the nation’s political transformation, with both UMNO and PAS playing significant roles in shaping the modern Malay-Islamic political narrative.

INTEGRATING MAQASID AL-SHARI’AH IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A HALAL DENGUE VACCINE

2025-06-18T11:57:56+08:00

Dengue is the fastest spreading vector-borne disease in the world. In Malaysia, dengue fever has become a major public health burden. Malaysia has implemented various strategies to combat dengue, including public awareness campaigns, insecticide spraying, the use of technological innovations as well as biotechnology innovation approach. Developing a dengue vaccine has been a key initiative in disease control. However, current vaccines face challenges in terms of effectiveness and acceptance, particularly among Muslim communities, due to concerns over halal compliance. Thus, this study was conducted using a descriptive literature review. Data were collected from scholarly articles, reports from health organizations, websites, and religious sources to assess the significance of a halal-certified dengue vaccine. The study found that there is a growing demand for a halal dengue vaccine that aligns with Islamic principles. From the perspective of Maqasid al-Shari’ah, the development of a halal dengue vaccine is essential for protecting fundamental human values, including the preservation of religion (Hifz al-Din), life (Hifz al-Nafs), intellect (Hifz al-‘Aql), lineage (Hifz al-Nasl), and wealth (Hifz al-Mal). The concept of daruriyyat underscores the necessity of vaccines in saving lives, while hajiyyat and tahsiniyyat support the need for safe, effective, and ethically produced vaccines. Ensuring compliance with halal principles could enhance vaccine acceptance among Muslim populations and contribute to global dengue prevention efforts. The study emphasizes the importance of developing a policy framework for halal dengue vaccine in Malaysia to address both medical and religious concerns. By integrating Maqasid al-Shari’ah into vaccine development, the acceptance and effectiveness of dengue vaccination programs can be improved, benefiting both Muslim communities and global public health initiatives.

ENHANCING TERMITE PEST CONTROL SERVICES IN HOUSING DEVELOPMENTS: A CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS OF LOCAL AUTHORITY INTERVENTIONS IN PERAK TENGAH, MALAYSIA

2025-06-17T17:43:31+08:00

In Perak Tengah, effective termite control is essential to preserving the structural integrity of buildings and protecting public health. However, current pest management approaches face challenges such as poor regulatory enforcement, limited use of modern technology, and weak cooperation between public and private sectors. This paper examines how local authorities can improve termite control services for residential developments in their jurisdiction. The study is based on the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) model (Ebeling, 1975) and the Public Service Delivery Model (Osborne, 2010). It evaluates current policies, processes, and stakeholder involvement in termite control. The paper argues that a multi-stakeholder approach, including collaboration between local government, pest control operators, and homeowners, is key to achieving effective and sustainable pest management. Lessons from international best practices in urban pest control (Su & Scheffrahn, 2000) offer valuable insights for improving service delivery in Perak Tengah. This study contributes to urban pest management discussions by identifying gaps in current policies and suggesting an intervention model for local authorities to enhance termite control. The findings aim to help policymakers streamline pest control regulations, improve monitoring systems, and develop public awareness programs. Future research should focus on assessing the impact of these policies on termite infestations and evaluating the economic effects on housing developments.

PEMBANGUNAN MODAL INSAN YANG BERINTEGRITI BERDASARKAN KONSEP NILAI ADAB MENURUT ISLAM

2025-06-18T16:18:48+08:00

Pembangunan modal insan, yang merujuk kepada aset intelektual yang terdapat dalam diri individu, memainkan peranan yang amat penting dalam kemajuan sesebuah negara. Dalam era pendigitalan dan kemajuan pesat teknologi masa kini, modal insan yang berkemahiran tinggi, berilmu, berpengetahuan luas, serta berintegriti merupakan elemen utama yang diperlukan untuk mencapai status negara maju. Pembangunan modal insan berintegriti melibatkan usaha bersepadu daripada keluarga, masyarakat, dan organisasi dalam membentuk keterampilan individu yang selaras dengan nilai-nilai murni dan etika. Dalam konteks masyarakat yang semakin kompleks dan mencabar, modal insan yang berintegriti menjadi asas penting dalam membina kepercayaan, memupuk kerjasama, serta menjamin keadilan sosial. Nilai adab menurut perspektif Islam mempunyai kaitan yang erat dengan nilai-nilai tersebut. Individu yang berintegriti akan sentiasa bertindak secara jujur, amanah, dan bertanggungjawab, selain mampu membuat keputusan yang adil dan beretika. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti nilai-nilai adab menurut Islam yang relevan dalam pembangunan modal insan berintegriti, serta menerangkan kaedah-kaedah penerapan nilai-nilai tersebut dalam konteks pembangunan modal insan. Dalam kajian ini data dikumpul melalui analisis teks. Kemudian data tersebut dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan analisis tematik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan nilai-nilai adab Islam yang dikenal pasti boleh diterapkan dalam kalangan masyarakat Malaysia daripada pelbagai golongan melalui kaedah-kaedah tertentu. Penerapan nilai adab ini penting dalam membentuk modal insan yang berkualiti dan berdaya saing.

Human capital development, which refers to the intellectual assets within an individual, plays a very important role in the progress of a nation. In this era of digitalization and rapid technological advancement, highly skilled, knowledgeable, well-informed, and integrity-driven human capital is a key element required to achieve the status of a developed country. The development of human capital with integrity involves integrated efforts from families, communities, and organizations in shaping individuals’ character in alignment with noble values and ethics. In the context of an increasingly complex and challenging society, human capital with integrity is fundamental in building trust, fostering cooperation, and ensuring social justice. The concept of adab (Islamic ethical values) from the Islamic perspective is closely related to these values. Individuals with integrity will consistently act honestly, responsibly, and trustworthily, as well as be capable of making fair and ethical decisions. Therefore, this study aims to identify the values of adab according to Islam that are relevant to the development of human capital with integrity, as well as to explain the methods of applying these values in the context of human capital development. Data for this study were collected through text analysis and subsequently analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. The findings indicate that the Islamic values of adab identified can be applied among various groups within Malaysian society through specific methods. The application of these adab values is important in forming quality and competitive human capital.

HOW POLITICAL CONNECTIONS INFLUENCE FRAUDULENT FINANCIAL REPORTING: INSIGHTS FROM A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

2025-06-18T11:21:02+08:00

Fraudulent financial reporting (FFR) continues to be a significant issue for regulators, investors, and politicians, especially in contexts where political connections affect company governance. The influence of political connections on financial transparency and fraud risk is a subject of extensive dispute, with certain research indicating that politically connected companies enjoy regulatory leniency, whereas others contend that these links offer stability and oversight. Although considerable study has been conducted on political connections and FFR independently, a comprehensive knowledge of their interaction is yet insufficiently examined. This study performs a systematic literature review (SLR) to investigate the correlation between political connections and FFR. A structured methodology was employed to analyse data from 17 research papers indexed in Scopus or WOS, aiming to identify principal themes, methodological frameworks, and empirical results. The review adheres to the PRISMA guidelines to guarantee rigour and transparency. Research suggests that political connections undermine governance mechanisms, enabling earnings manipulation and fraudulent reporting, particularly in developing countries. Studies show politically connected boards weaken internal controls, reduce audit effectiveness, and face fewer legal consequences. Quantitative methods using firm-level data are common, focusing on board characteristics, political ties, and their impact on financial reporting quality. This study enhances the literature by integrating current findings and identifying research gaps. Future research should investigate the moderating influence of institutional structures, the interplay between political connections and audit quality, and cross-national comparisons to evaluate the generalisability of results. Comprehending these dynamics is essential for policymakers in formulating policies that alleviate the detrimental impacts of political connections on financial transparency.