JOURNAL INFORMATION AND TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT (JISTM)

NEED ANALYSIS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A UIS MOBILE VIRTUAL TOUR

Helyawati Baharudin, Sazanah Md Ali, Khodijah Abdul Rahman — Thu, 18 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

While physical accessibility, ease of access for potential students to explore the campus of University Islam Selangor (UIS) has been constrained, especially for those from other states. This research aims to identify user needs in developing a UIS Mobile Virtual Tour Application. Using a quantitative approach with a model of Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), a needs analysis survey of 184 respondents, consisting of students, parents, and members of the community, was conducted. SPSS analysis of data showed that performance expectancy received the highest agreement with a percentage of 70.7-74.5% agreeing with a high degree of intensity on being able to access university information effectively, as well as improve their exploration experience. Effort expectancy also showed positive agreement with 47.3-54.3% of strong agreement, showing that users felt it was easy to use as well as intuitive. While the influence of social support showed moderate agreement with 40.8-57.6% of high agreement, and facilitating conditions also showed moderate agreement with 33.7-53.3% of high agreement, showing that users value individual perceptions of use as more important than support from their company in influencing their adoption of technology. These findings suggest that utility, interaction, and individual perceptions of use are basic necessities in determining users in accepting technology in mobile VR technology in campuses of higher institutions in Malaysia.

VALIDATION OF THE ADAPTED MOTIVATED STRATEGIES FOR LEARNING QUESTIONNAIRE (MSLQ) FOR ONLINE LEARNING: INSIGHTS FROM EXPERTS REVIEWS

Tue, 02 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Adapting Adapting the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) for online learning environments is essential to ensure its relevance and accuracy in assessing students’ motivation and self-regulated learning (SRL) strategies in digital contexts. The MSLQ has been widely used in traditional learning settings. However, the rapid growth of online education necessitates its contextual refinement. The main objective of this study was to adapt and validate the MSLQ to suit online learning environments, ensuring that its terminology, structure, and constructs accurately reflect the digital learning experience. This study employed a three-phase expert validation process involving content analysis to adapt the MSLQ. Three experts in Information Technology, Language Education, and Content Creator were engaged to review and evaluate the modified questionnaire. The phases included preparation of the adapted instrument, evaluation through expert discussions, and implementation of feedback. Key constructs such as “class,” “teacher,” and “discussion” were modified to reflect online learning terminology (e.g., “learning management system,” “instructor,” “forum”), and each modification was reviewed for contextual appropriateness. The results revealed significant consensus among experts on the importance of using context-specific terminology and providing clear operational definitions to ensure the instrument’s clarity and applicability. However, some terms, such as “online readings” and “online discussion,” prompted critical feedback, highlighting the balance needed between specificity and generalizability. Final adaptations were made based on expert input, resulting in a more refined and validated MSLQ suited for online learning contexts. The refined MSLQ offers a practical and contextually appropriate tool for assessing SRL and motivation in online settings, with future studies recommended to expand expert involvement and conduct longitudinal testing to strengthen its predictive value and generalizability.

FROM TEXT TO EXPERIENCE: AUGMENTED REALITY AS A PEDAGOGICAL MEDIUM FOR ADAB NUSUS LEARNING

Wed, 24 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

The teaching of Arabic literature at the pre-university level, particularly the Adab wa al-Nuṣūṣ subject within Malaysia’s Sijil Tinggi Agama Malaysia (STAM) programme, continues to present significant pedagogical challenges. Students frequently experience difficulty engaging with and interpreting Arabic poetic texts due to abstract language, symbolic expression, and instructional practices that remain largely teacher-centred and text-bound. Drawing on growing evidence that immersive technologies can support learning in abstract and cognitively demanding domains, this study examines the pedagogical potential of Augmented Reality (AR) as a curriculum-aligned instructional medium for Arabic literature education at the STAM level. Guided by a Design and Development Research (DDR) methodology and grounded in constructivist learning theory, multimedia learning theory, and experiential learning theory, the study reports on the design, development, and preliminary classroom implementation of MySyair, an AR-based learning application aligned with the Malaysian Kurikulum Bersepadu Dini (KBD). The findings indicate that AR-supported visualisation and multimedia explanations can enhance students’ engagement, comprehension, and appreciation of Arabic poetry, while also supporting teachers’ instructional practices within formal classroom contexts. By extending the application of AR into curriculum-driven, school-level Arabic literary education, this study contributes a pedagogically grounded and design-based model for innovation in pre-university humanities education.

EXPLORING ONLINE REPURCHASE INTENTION: THE ROLE OF SECURITY AWARENESS, PERCEIVED USEFULNESS AND ATTITUDE

Tue, 09 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

The rapid advancement of internet technologies and the widespread adoption of online shopping have reshaped consumer purchasing behaviour worldwide. Digital platforms attract modern consumers by offering convenience, competitive pricing, and diverse product selections. As competition intensifies, retaining existing customers and encouraging repeat purchases have become essential for long-term profitability. This study investigates the influence of personal security awareness, perceived usefulness, and consumer attitude on online repurchase intention among Malaysian shoppers, with a focus on Penang. Data were collected from 122 online consumers and analysed using SmartPLS Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal that both personal security awareness and consumer attitude significantly and positively affect repurchase intention, with attitude exerting the strongest influence. In contrast, perceived usefulness was insignificant, suggesting that consumers’ familiarity with online shopping has shifted emphasis from functional benefits to trust and emotional drivers. The study contributes to the literature by underscoring the critical role of security awareness and positive attitudes in sustaining e-commerce loyalty, while offering practical implications for enhancing digital literacy and consumer confidence.

THE EVOLUTION AND IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF FUTURE APPLICATIONS AND CHALLENGES

Mon, 01 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the evolution, current state, and future implications of artificial intelligence (AI) across multiple domains. Although AI’s technological progress has accelerated rapidly, a critical gap remains in integrating ethical and governance frameworks to ensure responsible and human-centered innovation. Drawing from literature and policy developments between 2018 and 2025, this review explores AI’s operational mechanisms, its distinction from human cognition, and the socio-ethical challenges in education, healthcare, law, and industry. Key findings highlight (1) the persistent gap between human intuition and machine reasoning; (2) AI’s growing global economic influence, and (3) emerging concerns of fairness, privacy, and accountability. Sustainable advancement requires alignment with UNESCO’s Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence, the European Union Artificial Intelligence Act, and IEEE’s Ethically Aligned Design framework. The study contributes by synthesizing technological, ethical, and regulatory perspectives to guide responsible, human-centered AI.

UNTANGLING EMOTION PATHWAYS TO GREEN CONSUMPTION: A CULTURE-SENSITIVE CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Jiawen Li , Woon Leong Lin — Sun, 21 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

China's organic food market is rapidly growing, and at the same time, public concern about food safety, which is often related to environmental degradation, is increasing. However, whether and how negative emotions stemming from food safety incidents affect green consumption remains unclear. This study explores how specific negative emotions such as anxiety, anger, and shame influence green consumption and investigates the psychological and cultural mechanisms that drive these effects. Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a literature review of 62 articles. Sources were drawn from databases, including Web of Science and ScienceDirect, with a focus on literature related to emotions, sustainability, and cultural values. The conceptual model proposes two emotion-specific pathways. Anger and shame activate moral identity and encourage compensatory green behaviors. In contrast, anxiety leads to skepticism, especially in situations where people feel they have low efficacy. Cultural factors, such as collectivism, influence how these emotions are responded to. This study's primary theoretical contribution is a novel integrated framework that reveals the distinct behavioral pathways of discrete negative emotions (anger, shame, anxiety) in green consumption and, crucially, how these pathways are shaped by cultural context—a mechanism previously underexplored in sustainability literature.

NARRATIVE REVIEW: THE SYNTHESIS OF METAVERSE AND AR TECHNOLOGIES IN GRAPHIC ART EXHIBITIONS THROUGH SPATIAL.IO AND ADOBE AERO

Nur Adilah Abdullah, Muhammad Fadhil Wong Abdullah — Tue, 09 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

This narrative review investigates the synthesis of metaverse and augmented reality (AR) technologies in graphic art exhibitions, focusing on Spatial.io and Adobe Aero. It aims to evaluate their individual and combined impact on curatorial practice, viewer engagement, and exhibition aesthetics. As graphic art exhibitions increasingly transition from physical spaces into immersive digital environments, platforms like Spatial.io and Adobe Aero have emerged as pivotal tools. However, a comprehensive understanding of how these technologies function in tandem, particularly in shaping hybrid exhibitions, remains underdeveloped. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ACM Digital Library, and IEEE Xplore, targeting publications from 2015 to 2025. Keywords related to metaverse, AR, graphic art, and exhibition design guided the search. Peer-reviewed articles, white papers, and case studies were synthesized by using Prisma framework. Spatial.io facilitates immersive, multi-user virtual galleries, while Adobe Aero enhances site-specific, mobile-based AR interaction. Though each platform presents unique strengths, their combined use in curatorial workflows is rare and underexplored. Key challenges include technical integration, user accessibility, and long-term sustainability. The review identifies a gap in cross-platform strategies and calls for interdisciplinary frameworks that support hybrid exhibition design. This review contributes a conceptual framework for understanding and applying Spatial.io and Adobe Aero in graphic art exhibitions. It advocates for empirical research, cross-platform design models, and institutional support to advance equitable, immersive, and sustainable digital art curation.

BEYOND THE ALGORITHM ON HOW AI WILL REDEFINE HUMAN PROGRESS: FROM DIRECTION TO EMPOWERMENT

Mon, 01 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

This position paper presents a critical analysis of the evolution of Artificial Intelligence in Education (AIEd) through three distinct paradigms: AI-directed (learner-as-recipient), AI-supported (learner-as-collaborator), and AI-empowered (learner-as-leader). Through a comprehensive review of literature spanning three decades (1990-2021), the study examines the theoretical foundations, implementation approaches, and practical applications of each paradigm. The analysis reveals a progressive shift from technology-centered to learner-centered approaches, highlighting the transformation of learners' roles from passive recipients to active leaders in their educational journey. The paper identifies critical challenges in integrating AI with educational theories and proposes a framework for future AIEd development that emphasizes human agency, personalized learning, and ethical considerations. The findings suggest that successful AIEd implementation requires balancing technological advancement with pedagogical principles, while maintaining focus on human-centered learning experiences. This work contributes to the field by providing a structured framework for understanding AIEd's evolution and guiding future development toward more effective, learner-centered educational technologies.

TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS IN WAREHOUSING AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE LOGISTICS TRANSFORMATION

Zaid Mat Yusop, Nur Hidayah Zulkefli, Fauziah Yusof — Thu, 18 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

The rapid advancement of warehouse technologies has significantly transformed logistics operations, positioning warehouses as strategic hubs that enable efficiency, resilience, and sustainability across global supply chains. Emerging innovations such as automation, robotics, artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, blockchain, and digital twins are reshaping how firms manage inventory, process orders, and respond to dynamic market demands. This paper provides a comprehensive examination of these technologies by reviewing recent literature, identifying current challenges, and discussing their implications for logistics transformation. The analysis highlights five major challenges: high capital costs and uncertain returns on investment, integration difficulties and lack of interoperability, cybersecurity vulnerabilities and data governance issues, workforce displacement and skills gaps, and sustainability trade-offs in environmental and regulatory contexts. To address these issues, the study offers practical suggestions including collaborative investment models, modular integration approaches, layered cybersecurity strategies, inclusive workforce reskilling programs, harmonisation of global regulatory frameworks, and embedding sustainability into adoption strategies. The discussion underscores that warehouse digitalisation is not merely a technical upgrade but a multifaceted organisational transformation that requires alignment of financial, technological, social, and environmental considerations. By synthesising evidence from academic research and industry practice, this study contributes to the discourse on sustainable logistics and provides actionable pathways for firms, policymakers, and researchers. The findings suggest that the future of warehousing lies in creating resilient, intelligent, and sustainable systems that balance efficiency with inclusivity and environmental responsibility.

IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY IN HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE AND DISASTER RELIEF OPERATION TOWARDS ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN NATIONS

Surenthiran Krishnan, Norhazlina Fairuz Musa Kutty — Tue, 02 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

This study examines the transformative role of emerging technologies in enhancing Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) operations across the ASEAN region. The need for rapid, coordinated and data-driven responses is critical due to ASEAN's vulnerability to natural disasters. This paper evaluates the technological readiness and integration within ASEAN's disaster management ecosystem, using the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) as a guiding structure. A qualitative research approach was employed, involving expert interviews with stakeholders from eight ASEAN nations and relevant agencies, including NADMA and MMEA. The findings highlight a growing demand for technology attributes such as interoperability, real-time data acquisition, geospatial intelligence, autonomous systems and resilient communication networks. Technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), drones, Internet of Things (IoT), and blockchain are identified as enablers for enhanced situational awareness and effective resource coordination. Despite their potential, challenges persist in infrastructure limitations, fragmented data systems, cybersecurity vulnerabilities and funding constraints. Therefore, the paper proposes a Hybrid Technology Framework aligned with the four priorities of the Sendai Framework. The model leverages the DIKW Model to integrate big data analytics with operational decision-making in HADR contexts. The proposed framework is proven to improve the efficiency, scalability and resilience of ASEAN’s disaster response mechanisms. The ASEAN HADR operations must embrace IR4.0 technologies to shift from reactive to proactive disaster management. This transition will not only bridge existing capability gaps but also promote regional cooperation, enhance institutional capacity and foster community-based resilience.

PROJECT PERFORMANCE PREDICTION BASED ON MACHINE LEARNING: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Wed, 24 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Context: For successful project management, it is crucial to accurately predict project performance, as this enables effective resource allocation and proactive decision-making. Traditional approaches often fail to achieve this effectively, leading to increased interest in using machine learning techniques due to their reliable predictive capabilities. Objective: This research study conducts a systematic literature review on predicting project performance to examine the current studies on machine learning applications. Methodology: This systematic review employs the PRISMA technique to analyze 34 relevant studies from the Scopus, IEEE Xplore, and PubMed databases, published between 2015 and 2024. This study presents three research questions that examine trends in project performance based on machine learning studies, identify the machine learning models most frequently used in the context of project performance, and explore their applications in various project contexts. Findings: The findings indicate that research trends increased from 2020 onwards, with support vector machines and artificial neural networks being the most commonly used models among machine learning models in the context of project performance. It also found that most research conducted in the software and construction industries utilized time and cost-related features, with only one study observed in the context of a student project. Conclusion: The findings of this study confirm that the machine learning approach has strong potential to increase prediction accuracy in project management across different project contexts. This systematic review presents a comprehensive taxonomy of machine learning techniques and identifies key research gaps. It highlights the need for validating machine learning models in real-world contexts and also introduces hybrid models that can integrate human expertise. This study is a valuable source that may help practitioners and researchers leverage machine learning in the project domain.

MAXIMIZING TAX COLLECTION EFFICIENCY THROUGH STRATEGIC CUSTOMS TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION: A REVIEW OF GLOBAL TRENDS AND APPLICATIONS

Nurulhuda Mohammad, Norzaidi Mohd Daud — Mon, 01 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Governments are accelerating customs digitalization to safeguard revenue while enabling faster, risk‑based clearance. This paper refines and synthesizes recent evidence on how strategic customs technologies translate into measurable gains in tax collection efficiency (TCE). We conduct a structured narrative review of 2020–2025 peer‑reviewed studies and flagship policy reports (Scopus/WoS; WCO/OECD/World Bank/IMF), integrating insights through the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Institutional Theory. The synthesis indicates that integrated e‑customs/Single Window, API‑based interoperability, and AI‑enabled risk engines are consistently associated with shorter clearance times, higher audit hit‑rates, improved valuation accuracy, and greater post‑clearance recovery—conditional on user‑centred design, training/ICT support, robust data governance, and enabling legal frameworks. For middle‑income administrations, benefits are maximized by phased use‑case pilots, data‑quality programs, and human‑in‑the‑loop analytics with transparent KPIs (e.g., Time Release Study (TRS), audit yield, recovery per audit, cost‑to‑collect). Originality stems from integrating behavioural (TAM) and institutional lenses to convert global evidence into an actionable 12–24‑month roadmap tailored to administrations such as the Royal Malaysian Customs Department (RMCD).

RESEARCH OF AIGC AND HUMAN ART PICTURE CREATION BASED ON PANOFSKY’S THREE-LEVEL ICONOLOGY FRAMEWORK

Zhang Yizhong, Yuhanis Ibrahim, Mohd Firdaus Naif Omran Zailuddin — Thu, 18 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

This study investigates the narrative, symbolic, and cultural differences between AI-generated imagery (AIGC) and human-created realist artworks through Panofsky’s three-level iconology framework. The research identifies gaps in semantic logic, cultural depth, and symbolic coherence within AIGC outputs while establishing a systematic analytical model suitable for cross-method evaluation. By integrating qualitative iconological interpretation, computational visual analysis, and expert review, this paper contributes an evaluative paradigm that addresses contemporary challenges in AI-driven visual culture. Findings highlight significant fragmentation in narrative cohesion and symbolic misalignment in AIGC compared with human artworks, emphasizing the importance of cultural semantic grounding in future AI development.

DRIVER DISTRACTION ASSOCIATED WITH MOBILE PHONE TACTILE TASKS: A DRIVING SIMULATOR-BASED STUDY

Tue, 02 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

The mobile phone is an extremely beneficial tool for humanity, capable of performing a multitude of functions beyond the mere transmission and reception of telephone communications. Regrettably, it has the capacity to cause significant distractions for drivers in numerous ways. The aim of the study is to measure the distraction in terms of participants’ response time for different tactile tasks and driving scenarios. In this research, 54 participants executed several secondary tasks (i.e., tactile tasks) while simultaneously engaging in the DRT throughout a simulated driving environment. For the comparison of driving scenarios, three scenarios were used: free flow (40 km/h) with medium traffic volume, free flow (40 km/h) without traffic and traffic jams. For different tactile tasks, apart from the 2-character number, other tactile tasks such as 5, 9, 14, and 20 number of characters were also assessed. The study findings indicated that participants responded to lesser stimuli when dealing with more difficult tactile tasks. Besides, the results found that drivers were more distracted when dealing with more demanding tasks of using mobile phones (i.e., tactile tasks) as compared to baseline. In addition, participants attended the worst in terms of stimuli and higher response time in the traffic jam scenario as compared to other scenarios. Besides, the study discovered that the novice drivers’ group was identified to respond at a significantly faster rate than the experienced drivers’ group. In terms of gender, male drivers were generally faster in terms of response time than female drivers, with no significant differences.

CAPTURING WORKPLACE WARMTH: THE STRATEGIC ROLE OF CORPORATE VIDEO IN ARTICULATING ORGANISATIONAL IDENTITY AND EMPLOYER BRANDING AT EASTERN DECORATOR MALAYSIA

T. Zalizam T. Muda, Wong Zi Xuan, Hammuzamer Irwan Hamzah, Mohd Fairuz Zaiyadi — Wed, 24 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

This project documents the development of a corporate video for Eastern Decorator Sdn. Bhd., aimed at visually communicating the company’s organisational values and culture of care to both internal and external stakeholders. Using an adapted Agile methodology structured across planning, pre-production, production, and post-production, the project successfully translated abstract values into tangible visual evidence. The video strategically focused on documenting informal, employee-centred initiatives (such as "One Malaysia Breakfast Day"), thereby highlighting the critical role of everyday gestures of recognition in fostering employee motivation, loyalty, and a sense of belonging. The findings confirm that meaningful employee engagement extends beyond formal benefits. Furthermore, the project demonstrates that corporate video, due to its capacity for capturing authenticity and emotional resonance, serves as a powerful strategic communication asset. By visibly articulating the internal culture, the video strengthens organisational identity, enhances trust, and significantly supports external employer branding efforts in the competitive Malaysian talent market. The project thus offers valuable insight into leveraging multimedia for effective, mutually beneficial organisational communication.

DESIGNING THE INVISIBLE: RETHINKING GRAPHIC ARTS EDUCATION WITH AR

Nur Adilah Abdullah, Muhammad Fadhil Wong Abdullah — Tue, 09 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

This mini-review studies the transformative power of the Augmented Reality (AR) technology in graphic arts learning within the context of accelerated digital shift, and outlines the role of this technology in providing immersive, interactive and student-centered learning. This study synthesises recent literature from 2020 to 2025 in terms of key pedagogical capabilities, the integration of pedagogical theoretical frameworks and technology acceptance models, technological constraints, and learning outcomes resulting from the integration of AR in graphic design and visual arts learning. Marker-based AR platforms like Adobe Aero and Vuforia are particularly covered in terms of the ease of experiencing increased spatial awareness, live manipulation of design, and creative experimentation as a satisfying balance between theoretical instruction and hands-on practice. The present review also emphasises the importance of integrating theoretical frameworks such as Kolb’s Experiential Learning Framework, Cognitive Load Theory, and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to enhance the understanding of AR pedagogy and user acceptance. The mini-review also reflects on the use of AR in the studio-based and blended learning contexts, identifying that it holds the potential of increasing the motivation of students, enhancing their conceptual learning, and facilitating autonomy of students. Nonetheless, challenges outlined in the review, such as steep learning curves, insufficient educator training, device accessibility challenges, and lack of standardized pedagogical models, as well as long-term evaluation frameworks provide major challenges. Through the integration of challenges and the emphasis on the need for 3D skills, specifically, this review addresses underexplored topics such as the use of AR in three-dimensional modelling, motion graphics, animation, and AR accessibility in less resourceful environments. By highlighting the importance of scalable teaching steps, longitudinal studies, and intensive capacity-building programs, as well as distinguishing between technological innovation, pedagogical innovation, and institutional support, this mini review concludes with fundamental principles to maximise the educational potential of AR.

STRATEGIES FOR ENHANCING DIGITAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS: TEACHERS’ PERSPECTIVES ON OVERCOMING CHALLENGES AND MAXIMIZING ENGAGEMENT

Mohamad Hidir Mhd Salim, Nur Atiqah Jalaludin, Mohd Aizuddin Saari — Mon, 01 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

This study explores the creation of positive digital learning environments (DLEs) by integrating digital technologies and teaching strategies that promote personalized and interactive learning. A well-designed DLE includes digital media, online platforms, and intelligent learning systems that work together to enhance education. However, challenges such as inconsistent implementation across schools, especially between urban and rural areas, highlight the need for effective strategies to ensure equal access to these tools. Teachers play a crucial role in this transformation, yet many face difficulties in effectively using digital tools despite positive attitudes towards technology in education. Professional development and strong leadership are essential to overcoming these challenges, but time constraints and varying levels of motivation among teachers can limit the effectiveness of such programs. Infrastructure also plays a vital role, with the Malaysian government recognizing the need to improve technological resources in schools. However, disparities in access to technology, particularly in rural areas, remain a significant concern. This study uses thematic analysis to identify key factors that contribute to a positive digital learning environment. Sixty pre-service teachers from diverse educational backgrounds participated, providing insights into effective strategies for digital learning. The analysis revealed themes such as engagement and interaction, infrastructure and accessibility, effective classroom management, teacher competency and creativity, support systems, and the importance of a positive learning environment. The findings emphasize the need for engaging content, reliable technology, well-prepared teachers, and strong support systems to create effective DLEs. The results highlight both the potential and challenges of digital education, stressing the importance of addressing existing gaps to ensure that all students benefit from high-quality digital learning experiences. This study suggests that collaborative efforts among educators, administrators, parents, and policymakers are crucial for building a successful and inclusive digital learning environment.

WORKFORCE SUSTAINABILITY: HOW WORKLOAD AND MENTORING INFLUENCE BURNOUT IN RAPIDLY CHANGING ENVIRONMENT

Wan Chiu Ling, Leow Wai Fong, Khor Wei Min — Sun, 21 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Burnout has emerged as an increasingly significant impediment to workforce sustainability and organizational efficiency, notably within knowledge-driven environments where rapid change in technology advancement heightens employee expectations. Burnout not solely affects professional life, but also has a detrimental effect on all facets of life including personal health, familial relationships, and social interactions. This study examines the influence of workload and mentoring on burnout reactions in contemporary work environments. Incorporating insights from the fields of human resources and technology management, the study presents a conceptual framework that elucidates how the two factors collaboratively influence burnout which ultimately benefit both employee health and the sustainability of organizational performance. Applied a quantitative design, data were collected from 209 respondents through online survey with majority samples from Generation Millennials and Z. These variables were assessed utilizing validated measures, and multiple regression analysis was employed to examine the relationships. Results indicated that increased workload directly contributes to emotional exhaustion and led to burnout. In contrast, mentoring is seen as an organizational approach capable of alleviating adverse impacts through the provision of support, direction, and resource visibility as predicted by Conservation of Resource Theory. The research concludes that the integration of structured mentoring programs with workload management is vital for maintaining employee well-being and organizational success. The findings provide practical advice for corporate leaders aiming to sustain workforce adaptability amid constantly evolving environments, emphasizing the need of these younger generations to support digital transformation and sustained productivity across diverse organizations globally.

EVALUATING STUDENT OUTCOMES THROUGH PREDICTIVE MODELING: LESSONS LEARNED IN MALAYSIAN EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

Muhamad Noorazizi Abd Ghani, Istas Fahrurrazi Nusyirwan — Tue, 09 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Evaluating student outcomes through predictive modeling is pivotal for driving timely interventions and enhancing academic success in Malaysian education institutions. This systematic literature review (SLR), conducted following PRISMA guidelines, examined 106 studies published up to 2024 to assess the evolution and efficacy of predictive modeling techniques in this context. The review employed a structured search across Web of Science, Scopus, and Lens.org without publication year restrictions, ensuring comprehensive coverage of the literature. Studies were analyzed for their data collection strategies, and predictive methodologies, ranging from traditional cross-sectional analyses based on academic records to emerging longitudinal designs integrating multimodal data sources such as e-learning logs, surveys, and behavioral metrics. Findings reveal a dominant reliance on academic records, although recent trends indicate a gradual shift toward more sophisticated, multimodal approaches that enhance predictive accuracy. While conventional methods like decision trees and logistic regression remain prevalent, ensemble techniques, deep learning, and hybrid frameworks are increasingly adopted to mitigate challenges such as class imbalance and overfitting. The insights garnered underscore the potential of predictive modeling to inform early intervention strategies and policy decisions, highlighting the need for standardized, multi-institutional, and longitudinal research designs. By addressing these challenges, future research can better support data-driven initiatives that promote student retention, equity, and overall academic excellence in Malaysian educational institutions.

SYSTEM INTEGRATION IN CUSTOMS FOR TAX COLLECTION EFFICIENCY: A BIBLIOMETRIC AND SCIENCE-MAPPING ANALYSIS

Nurulhuda Mohammad, Norzaidi Mohd Daud — Mon, 01 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

This study examines the integration of systems for tax collection efficiency in customs administration, addressing critical gaps in understanding the intellectual structure and theoretical foundations of this rapidly evolving field. Despite the growing importance of digital transformation in tax administration globally, existing knowledge remains theoretically fragmented, lacking coherent frameworks that bridge technological innovation with administrative effectiveness. Furthermore, the theoretical gap is evident in the absence of integrated models explaining how system interoperability influences tax collection outcomes. Accordingly, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of 706 Scopus publications (1981-2025) was conducted using OpenRefine for data harmonization and VOSviewer for visualization. The analysis uniquely identifies four distinct theoretical clusters that evolve in isolation: technological determinism in system design, institutional theory in administrative reform, economic efficiency models in revenue optimization, and governance theory in compliance management. At the same time, publications increased sharply after 2018, reflecting urgent needs for frameworks to guide pandemic-driven digitization. Additionally, the study's novelty lies in demonstrating the evolution of system integration research from purely technical implementations to complex socio-technical systems that require interdisciplinary foundations. Moreover, substantial research contributions emerged from the United States (US) (18.27%), China (16.43%), and the United Kingdom (UK) (6.09%). Keyword clustering reveals insufficient theoretical development at the intersection of computer science (11.8%) and social sciences (24.4%), particularly in human-technology interaction within tax administration contexts. This study uniquely establishes a conceptual map that reveals how research has been conducted within disciplinary silos, with limited cross-pollination between technological and administrative theories. In addition, this fragmentation creates a significant gap that hinders the development of a comprehensive framework. Nonetheless, findings guide future research toward integrated theoretical models that better explain how digital transformation drives tax collection efficiency in customs administration.

INTELLIGENT SUPPLY CHAIN PERSPECTIVES IN BRIDGING DIGITALIZATION SUSTAINABILITY AND FUTURE COMPETITIVENESS

Mohamed Suhaimi Yusof, Ahmad Fauzi Ahmad Zaini — Thu, 18 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

The evolution of intelligent supply chains reflects the growing intersection of digitalization, sustainability, and global competitiveness. This article explores how digital technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and digital twins can transform supply chain operations while highlighting the environmental and social trade-offs that accompany these innovations. Drawing upon recent scholarship and global reports, the study reviews current literature, identifies persistent issues, and discusses systemic barriers that hinder the full realization of intelligent supply chains. The findings reveal that while digital tools enhance visibility, resilience, and efficiency, they are frequently undermined by integration difficulties, regulatory fragmentation, and uneven adoption across industries and regions. Sustainability outcomes are further complicated by the high energy consumption of digital infrastructures and the risk of rebound effects. The discussion emphasizes that technology-driven supply chains require more than technical capacity: governance alignment, inclusivity, workforce transformation, and environmental stewardship must be embedded to deliver long-term value. Based on these insights, the article offers suggestions for embedding sustainability into digital strategies, harmonizing regulatory frameworks, supporting organizational learning, and redefining competitiveness around low-carbon performance and resilience. Intelligent supply chains are ultimately presented as a paradigm shift that reconfigures global commerce by balancing efficiency with responsibility, growth with equity, and innovation with ecological sustainability.

TYPES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) THAT AFFECT THE TOURISTS’ EXPERIENCES: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Tue, 09 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

This systematic literature review critically assesses the multidimensional impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on tourist experiences, addressing the central question: “What are the effects of artificial intelligence on tourists’ experiences?” A rigorous systematic literature review, conducted using PRISMA guidelines, utilized the Scopus database and a PICo-based search string. From an initial 246 articles, 24 relevant papers were synthesized through quality assessment and thematic analysis. Findings reveal AI’s pervasive role in enhancing personalization, efficiency, and digital immersion across sentiment analysis, urban mobility, and personalized travel planning. However, this potential is significantly tempered by critical challenges, including data privacy, algorithmic bias, the persistent digital divide, and a notable lack of quantitative empirical support for AI’s long-term effects on tourist satisfaction and authenticity. This review offers actionable insights for tourism professionals to strategically leverage AI and guides researchers toward crucial future directions, emphasizing robust ethical frameworks, addressing user-specific barriers, and conducting empirical studies on AI’s enduring psychological and emotional impacts. The study’s novelty lies in its holistic synthesis of AI’s multifaceted impacts on the entire tourist experience, uniquely highlighting the critical tension between its transformative potential and the ethical, social, and empirical gaps that must be addressed for its responsible and equitable deployment in tourism.

CORRELATION BETWEEN HARDNESS AND MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION OF P22 STEEL SUBJECTED TO ANNEALING

Salihah Tan Shilan, Ahmad Afif Taufiq Ahmad Tarmizi — Mon, 01 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

This study investigates the correlation between hardness and microstructural evolution in P22 carbon steel subjected to annealing. Brinell hardness testing revealed a reduction from 161.3 BHN in the as-received condition to 121.3 BHN after annealing, corresponding to an approximate 25% decrease. Optical microscopy of the as-received sample showed irregularly shaped grains with elongated, clustered carbide precipitates concentrated along grain boundaries, which contributed to higher hardness by impeding dislocation motion. In contrast, the annealed microstructure exhibited coarser, more homogeneous grains with spheroidized and uniformly dispersed carbides, consistent with thermal stability achieved through recovery and recrystallization. Complementary SEM analysis further revealed that machining induced grooves and work-hardened surface features present in the as received specimen disappeared after annealing, leaving a uniform recrystallized surface morphology. The combined hardness and microstructural observations demonstrate that annealing promotes softening by reducing dislocation density and redistributing carbides, thereby enhancing ductility at the expense of strength. These findings provide insight into the role of annealing in balancing mechanical performance and microstructural stability of P22 steel for high-temperature service applications.

DETERMINANTS OF AI ADOPTION INTENTION IN FASHION DESIGN: A REVIEW

Luan Xiaoli, Nooraziah Ahmad, Mohd Zaimmudin Mohd Zain — Thu, 18 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly applied across diverse fields, emerging as a frontier in fashion design research and practice. The use of AI tools has significantly advanced innovation and sustainability in the fashion design industry. However, user adoption intentions toward AI tools remain unclear, and systematic literature integration is lacking. This research primarily aims to comprehensively explore the factors that influence users' willingness to adopt AI tools in the fashion design industry. This study strictly adheres to the PRISMA guidelines, conducting systematic literature searches and screening in Google Scholar and the CNKI database. Through a comprehensive analysis of the included studies (encompassing research theories, adoption variables, and findings), it was found that a multi-layered, complex system of factors influences the willingness to adopt AI tools in the fashion design industry. This study overcomes the limitations of single-theory models by identifying and evaluating determinants of adoption intention within the specific context of fashion design creation. By synthesising a more comprehensive, contextualised theoretical framework, this study extends the application of the Technology Acceptance Model in the field of fashion design. It not only offers new perspectives on understanding designer-technology interactions but also provides user-centred design directions for AI developers, effective technology promotion strategies for fashion enterprises, and guidance for educational institutions in cultivating human-machine collaboration capabilities. This research integrates relevant studies to fill a critical gap in understanding the adoption intentions of AI tools within the fashion design industry.

TOWARDS A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR AI ADOPTION IN MEDICAL LIBRARIES: INTEGRATING TOE, DOI, COM-B, AND UTAUT MODEL

Faten Farhana Mohamad Taib, Abd Latif Abdul Rahman, Mohammad Azhan Abdul Aziz — Tue, 02 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming library operations through automation and enhanced efficiency, yet its adoption in medical libraries, particularly in Malaysia, remains insufficiently studied. The objective of this study is to propose a comprehensive conceptual framework to explain AI adoption in medical library settings by integrating the COM-B Model, the Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) framework, and Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) theory. The framework highlights three determinant categories: capability, opportunity and motivation. These factors are proposed to influence intention, which in turn drives adoption behavior. Developed through a narrative literature review and theory synthesis, the framework addresses the limitations of single-theory approaches and offers both theoretical and practical contributions. It provides guidance for medical library administrators and policymakers to enhance AI readiness and establishes a foundation for future empirical research in healthcare education contexts.

S3L: TOWARDS A MOBILE-BASED SOLUTION FOR ENHANCING SIGN LANGUAGE COMMUNICATION BETWEEN PARENTS AND CHILDREN WITH HEARING IMPAIRMENT

Aeni Zuhana Saidin, Yusrita Mohd Yusoff, Siti Aishah Mohd Ropi — Wed, 24 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0800

Parents of children with hearing impairment often face communication challenges due to limited access to flexible, culturally relevant, and user-friendly sign language learning tools. This study aims to design, develop, and evaluate S3L, a mobile application created to support parents in acquiring essential sign language skills for improved daily interaction with their children. Guided by a User-Centered Design (UCD) approach, the research was conducted in four phases: (1) exploring communication challenges; (2) defining application requirements and learning features; (3) application design and development; and (4) conducting a summative usability evaluation. Findings indicate that S3L is easy to learn and navigate, with users particularly valuing its clean interface, video demonstrations, and modular learning structure. However, several usability issues were identified, including scrolling limitations, repeated logins, and a limited vocabulary set, as areas for enhancement. Overall, S3L provides a practical, accessible, and self-paced platform that supports more inclusive parent–child communication, offering the UCD-driven, Malaysian-context mobile solutions tailored specifically for families learning sign language.