Mohamed, N., Vadeveloo, T., Zain, Z. M., & Putera, R. E. (2026). PERCEIVED EFFECTIVENESS OF GREEN OPEN SPACES IN URBAN POLLUTION MITIGATION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MELAKA AND PADANG. JOURNAL OF TOURISM, HOSPITALITY AND ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT (JTHEM), 11(45), 843–859. https://doi.org/10.35631/JTHEM.1145050