IMPLIKASI DOMINASI KOMUNITI ETNIK ROHINGYA DALAM PERNIAGAAN TERHADAP KESELAMATAN EKONOMI MALAYSIA

IMPLICATIONS OF THE ROHINGYA ETHNIC COMMUNITY'S DOMINANCE IN BUSINESS ON MALAYSIA'S ECONOMIC SECURITY

Abstract

Dominasi komuniti etnik Rohingya dalam sektor ekonomi tertentu, terutamanya melalui aktiviti perniagaan tidak formal menimbulkan pelbagai implikasi terhadap keselamatan ekonomi Malaysia. Golongan pelarian ini bukan setakat memperoleh pendapatan sebagai pemotong rumput, buruh kontrak dan pencari besi buruk. Peningkatan penglibatan mereka dalam pasaran tempatan bukan sahaja mencetuskan persaingan dengan peniaga tempatan tetapi juga menimbulkan kebimbangan berkaitan kestabilan ekonomi serta kawal selia perniagaan. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dengan data diperoleh daripada sumber primer dan sekunder. Data primer dikumpul daripada Temu bual dan pemerhatian di kawasan terlibat. Data sekunder daripada sumber empirikal seperti disertasi, jurnal dan data dalam talian. Kajian ini mempunyai tiga objektif, iaitu 1) mengkaji kesan keselamatan ekonomi akibat kebanjiran komuniti etnik Rohingya; 2) menganalisis langkah-langkah pengurusan dan keselamatan akibat dominasi pelarian Rohingya dalam ekonomi Malaysia; dan 3) menganalisis keberhasilan polisi yang dilaksanakan oleh kerajaan dalam mengurus keselamatan ekonomi akibat kebanjiran komuniti etnik Rohingya. Hasil kajian ini mendapati 1) dominasi komuniti etnik Rohingya dalam perniagaan menjejaskan ekonomi penduduk tempatan dan menggugat kestabilan ekonomi negara; 2) langkah pengurusan dan keselamatan akibat dominasi sektor ekonomi oleh komuniti etnik Rohingya tidak dilaksanakan secara efektif; dan 3) dasar kerajaan sedia ada dalam menguruskan keselamatan ekonomi tidak mencukupi serta tidak selaras antara kerajaan Persekutuan dan negeri. Kajian ini menyarankan supaya kerajaan memperkukuh dasar dan perundangn. Kerajaan juga perlu menguruskan data dan pendaftaran pelarian bagi memastikan keselamatan ekonomi Malaysia tidak terjejas dan kekal terjamin. 

The dominance of the Rohingya ethnic community in certain economic sectors, especially through informal business activities, has various implications for Malaysia's economic security. These refugees not only earn their income as lawnmowers, contract labourers and scrap metal collectors. Their increased involvement in the local market not only creates competition with local traders but also raises concerns regarding economic stability and business regulation. This study uses a qualitative method with data obtained from primary and secondary sources. Primary data is collected from interviews and observations in the fieldwork. Secondary data is derived from empirical sources, including dissertations, academic journals, and online data. This study has three objectives: 1) to examine the impact of economic security resulting from the influx of the Rohingya ethnic community; 2) to analyse the management and security measures related to the presence of Rohingya refugees in the Malaysian economy; and 3) to examine the effectiveness of government policies implemented to manage economic security in light of the influx of the Rohingya ethnic community. The findings of this study indicate that 1) the dominance of the Rohingya ethnic community in business impacts the local economy and poses risks to the overall economic stability of the country; 2) management and security measures related to the economic dominance of the Rohingya community are not being executed effectively; and 3) current government policies aimed at managing economic security are insufficient and lack consistency between federal and state levels.  This analysis suggests that the government enhance its policies and legislative framework.  The government must effectively oversee refugee data and registration to ensure Malaysia's economic security and ensure its continued stability.