INTERVENSI PENDIDIKAN MELALUI BANTUAN TUNAI BERSYARAT DALAM PENGAGIHAN ZAKAT – PEMBANGUNAN DAN KESAHAN INSTRUMEN

EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION VIA CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFERS IN ZAKAT: INSTRUMENT DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION

Abstract

Pembangunan instrumen syarat tingkah laku bagi program Bantuan Tunai Bersyarat (CCT) dalam pengagihan zakat (EC-ZCCT) berpotensi untuk mengatasi cabaran pengagihan zakat yang kurang berkesan dari sudut impak pendidikan. Oleh itu, objektif kajian ini adalah bagi membangunkan serta menguji kesahan kandungan instrumen pengukuran (EC-ZCCT) di Malaysia menggunakan kaedah Nisbah Kesahan Kandungan (CVR) dan Indeks Kesahan Kandungan (CVI).  Seramai 10 orang pakar dipilih dalam kalangan ahli akademik dan industri berkaitan zakat dan ekonomi Islam melibatkan 10 item konstruk syarat tingkah laku pendidikan bagi kriteria relevan bagi ujian kesahan kandungan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan instrumen mempunyai kesahan kandungan tahap tinggi serta kesepakatan yang kukuh di antara pakar dengan 10 item mencapai nilai CVR (0.80 hingga 1.00), I-CVI (0.90-1.00), S-CVI/Ave (0.99) dan S-CVI/UA (0.9). Secara keseluruhan, dapatan kajian menunjukkan instrumen relevan, jelas serta berpotensi menjadi instrumen yang baik bagi mengukur EC-ZCCT kerana dinilai dengan kesahan kandungan yang tinggi dengan kesemua 10 item dikekalkan. Dapat kajian menunjukkan kesepakatan yang kukuh di antara pakar akademik dan industri manakala penyelidikan masa hadapan dicadangkan analisis statistik Kappa bagi menilai kesepakatan pakar bukan secara kebetulan.

The development of a behavioural conditionality instrument for Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programs in zakat distribution, referred to as EC-ZCCT, offers potential to address the current limitations in the effectiveness of zakat distribution, particularly in achieving educational outcomes. This study aims to develop and validate the content of the EC-ZCCT measurement instrument in the Malaysian context using the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI) methods. A panel of ten experts, comprising academics and industry professionals with expertise in Islamic economics and zakat, was engaged to evaluate the relevance of ten items representing behavioural conditions related to education. The findings indicate a high level of content validity, with strong agreement among the experts. All ten items achieved CVR values ranging from 0.80 to 1.00, I-CVI scores between 0.90 and 1.00, and excellent scale-level indices (S-CVI/Ave = 0.99; S-CVI/UA = 0.9). Overall, the results confirm that the instrument is clear, relevant, and holds strong potential as a reliable tool for measuring educational behavioural conditionalities in CCT-linked zakat distribution. The strong consensus among both academic and industry experts reinforce the robustness of the instrument. For future research, it is recommended that the modified Kappa statistic be used to account for agreement among experts beyond chance.