KONSENSUS PAKAR TERHADAP ELEMEN KRITIKAL DALAM KONSTRUK MENJAGA KESEJAHTERAAN AGAMA BAGI PEMBANGUNAN MODEL PERKHIDMATAN HOTEL PATUH SYARIAH DI MALAYSIA: SATU ANALISIS MENGGUNAKAN KAEDAH FUZZY DELPHI (FDM)

EXPERT CONSENSUS ON CRITICAL ELEMENTS IN THE CONSTRUCT OF PRESERVING RELIGIOUS WELLBEING FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SHARIAH-COMPLIANT HOTEL SERVICE MODEL IN MALAYSIA: A FUZZY DELPHI METHOD ANALYSIS

Abstract

Kajian ini bertujuan mendapatkan konsensus pakar secara sistematik terhadap elemen penting dalam konstruk "Menjaga Kesejahteraan Agama", salah satu domain utama dalam Maqasid Syariah, bagi pembangunan Model Perkhidmatan Hotel Patuh Syariah di Malaysia. Pendekatan kaedah Fuzzy Delphi (FDM) telah digunakan dengan melibatkan panel pakar yang terdiri daripada individu berpengalaman dalam bidang syariah, hospitaliti dan pengurusan halal. Sebanyak 12 item dinilai dan dianalisis berdasarkan tiga kriteria utama: nilai threshold (d ≤ 0.2), peratusan persetujuan (≥ 75%) dan nilai fuzzy score yang melepasi skor min. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahawa enam item telah mencapai konsensus dan disahkan sebagai elemen kritikal. Antaranya termasuk penyediaan kemudahan solat, paparan jadual waktu solat, arah kiblat yang jelas, dan sokongan terhadap ibadah semasa Ramadan. Dapatan kajian ini memberikan asas kukuh bagi pembentukan garis panduan dan pembangunan model perkhidmatan hotel patuh syariah yang lebih tersusun dan berasaskan nilai Maqasid Syariah. Kajian ini juga membuktikan keberkesanan kaedah FDM dalam mendapatkan penilaian pakar secara sistematik dan berstruktur.

This study aims to systematically obtain expert consensus on the critical elements within the construct of "Preserving Religious Wellbeing", one of the core domains in Maqasid Shariah, for the development of a Shariah-compliant hotel service model in Malaysia. The Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) was employed, involving a panel of experts with experience in Shariah, hospitality, and halal management. A total of 12 items were evaluated and analyzed using three main criteria: threshold value (d ≤ 0.2), percentage of agreement (≥ 75%), and fuzzy score exceeding the mean score. The analysis revealed that six items achieved consensus and were validated as critical elements. These included the provision of prayer facilities, display of prayer times, clear qibla direction, and support for worship during Ramadan. The findings provide a strong foundation for developing structured guidelines and models for Shariah-compliant hotel services based on Maqasid Shariah values. The study also demonstrates the effectiveness of the FDM in obtaining systematic and structured expert evaluations.