ENHANCING OPERATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS: THE MEDIATING IMPACT OF LEADERSHIP AND PEER SUPPORT ON AV8 GEMPITA OPERATORS IN MALAYSIA

Abstract

This study investigates the mediating role of leadership and peer support in the relationship between workload, skills, experience, training, and work effectiveness among AV8 Gempita armoured vehicle operators in Malaysia. Recognising that human factors are as vital as technical capabilities in military operations, the study employs a quantitative methodology involving 226 qualified operators who responded to structured questionnaires. Data analysis using SPSS 29.0 and SmartPLS 4.0, applying Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM), revealed significant findings. The results show that skills, experience, and training have strong positive effects on work effectiveness, while workload, though demanding, can enhance performance when managed effectively. Leadership and peer support partially mediate these relationships, mitigating the negative impacts of workload and amplifying the benefits of training and skills. The structural model accounted for 62% of the variance in work effectiveness, underscoring the critical influence of interpersonal dynamics in operational success. These findings emphasise the importance of cultivating leadership capabilities and fostering peer support networks within military teams. The study recommends comprehensive leadership training, institutionalised peer mentoring, and improved workload management strategies to optimise the operational readiness and effectiveness of armoured vehicle crews. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of how leadership and teamwork enhance mission success in high-stress military environments.