KESEJAHTERAAN EMOSI DALAM KALANGAN ANGGOTA BOMBA: SATU ULASAN SISTEMATIK PANTAS

EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING AMONG FIREFIGHTERS: A RAPID SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Abstract

Kajian ini bertujuan menilai serta mensintesis dapatan penyelidikan berkaitan kesejahteraan emosi dalam kalangan anggota bomba di seluruh dunia melalui pendekatan ulasan sistematik pantas (rapid systematic review). Carian literatur dilaksanakan menggunakan pangkalan data Scopus bagi tempoh antara tahun 2021 hingga 2025 dengan melibatkan sejumlah 28 artikel jurnal yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Kajian tersebut merangkumi pelbagai dimensi kesejahteraan emosi seperti tekanan kerja, trauma psikologi, daya tindak, kepimpinan, budaya organisasi dan intervensi psikososial. Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa pendedahan berulang terhadap peristiwa traumatik berpotensi menyebabkan gangguan emosi seperti kebimbangan, kemurungan dan tekanan pascatrauma (PTSD). Walau bagaimanapun, faktor pelindung seperti ketahanan diri (resilience), kesedaran minda (mindfulness), kepimpinan transformasi dan sokongan sosial didapati berkesan dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan emosi. Kajian ini turut menekankan kepentingan intervensi organisasi serta budaya kerja yang menyokong kesihatan mental melalui program pendidikan psikologi, pengurusan beban kerja dan latihan kesedaran emosi. Secara keseluruhan, ulasan ini menegaskan bahawa kesejahteraan emosi anggota bomba ialah aspek penting dalam mengekalkan keberkesanan tugas, keselamatan diri dan keutuhan organisasi. Oleh itu, kajian ini menyarankan agar intervensi kesejahteraan berasaskan bukti diperluas serta diadaptasi mengikut konteks setempat bagi memperkukuh daya tahan psikologi anggota bomba.

This study aims to evaluate and synthesize global research findings on firefighters’ emotional well-being through a rapid systematic review approach. Literature searches were conducted in the Scopus database for the period 2021–2025, resulting in 28 journal articles that met the inclusion criteria. The reviewed studies address multiple dimensions of emotional well-being, including occupational stress, psychological trauma, coping strategies, leadership, organizational culture, and psychosocial interventions. The findings reveal that repeated exposure to traumatic events may lead to emotional disturbances such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Nevertheless, protective factors such as resilience, mindfulness, transformational leadership, and social support were found to effectively enhance emotional well-being. The study further emphasizes the significance of organizational interventions and supportive workplace cultures that foster mental health through psychological education programs, workload management, and emotional awareness training. Overall, this review highlights that firefighters’ emotional well-being is vital for maintaining operational effectiveness, personal safety, and organizational cohesion. Accordingly, it recommends expanding and contextualizing evidence-based well-being interventions to strengthen firefighters’ psychological resilience.