PEMBANGUNAN PROFIL AMALAN KEPIMPINAN GURU PENOLONG KANAN KOKURIKULUM (GPKKo): SUATU KAJIAN SISTEMATIK LITERATUR

DEVELOPMENT OF THE LEADERSHIP PRACTICE PROFILE OF SENIOR ASSISTANT TEACHER OF CO-CURRICULUM (GPKKo): A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Kajian ini bertujuan mengenal pasti profil amalan kepimpinan Guru Penolong Kanan Kokurikulum (GPKKo) di sekolah menengah Malaysia melalui pendekatan Kajian Sistematik Literatur (SLR). Kajian ini memfokuskan kepada analisis empirikal dan konseptual terhadap 47 artikel tempatan yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2015 hingga 2024 melibatkan bidang kepimpinan pendidikan, pengurusan kokurikulum dan pembangunan guru. Data dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan tematik secara manual bagi mengenal pasti pola, tema dan subtema utama dalam amalan kepimpinan GPKKo. Dapatan kajian dirumuskan melalui tiga tahap analisis tematik iaitu pengkodan terbuka, pengelompokan kod dan pembentukan tema-tema yang menunjukkan kesinambungan logik antara metod analisis dan hasil dapatan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan tiga tema dominan, iaitu kepimpinan instruksional, kepimpinan transformasional, dan kepimpinan kolaboratif-komuniti. Ketiga-tiga tema ini turut disahkan kesesuaiannya melalui perbandingan dengan model middle leadership antarabangsa, khususnya konsep bridge leadership yang menempatkan GPKKo sebagai penghubung utama antara pengetua, guru penasihat dan komuniti. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahawa GPKKo berperanan penting dalam menyepadukan kepimpinan pengajaran dan kokurikulum, membangunkan budaya kolaboratif, serta memperkukuh hubungan komuniti sekolah. Kajian ini memberi implikasi signifikan terhadap dasar dan amalan pendidikan, khususnya dalam merangka standard kompetensi kepimpinan pertengahan, pembangunan modul latihan kepimpinan kokurikulum, dan mekanisme penilaian prestasi GPKKo. Implikasi terhadap penyelidikan turut dicadangkan melalui pembangunan instrumen empirikal dan kajian lanjutan mengenai keberkesanan kepimpinan pertengahan dalam konteks pendidikan Malaysia.

This study aims to identify the leadership practice profile of Senior Assistant Teacher of Co-Curriculum (GPKKo) in Malaysian secondary schools through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The study focuses on both empirical and conceptual analyses of 47 local articles published between 2015 and 2024, encompassing the fields of educational leadership, co-curricular management, and teacher development. Data were analyzed manually using a thematic approach to identify patterns, themes, and sub-themes in GPKKo leadership practices. The findings were synthesized through three stages of thematic analysis, namely open coding, code clustering, and theme development, which demonstrate a logical continuity between the analytical methods and the results obtained. The study revealed three dominant themes: instructional leadership, transformational leadership, and collaborative-community leadership. The relevance of these themes was further validated through comparison with international middle leadership models, particularly the concept of bridge leadership, which positions GPKKo as a key intermediary between principals, advisory teachers, and the community. The analysis indicates that GPKKo plays a crucial role in integrating instructional and co-curricular leadership, fostering a collaborative culture, and strengthening school-community relations. This study has significant implications for educational policy and practice, particularly in designing middle leadership competency standards, developing co-curricular leadership training modules, and establishing performance evaluation mechanisms for GPKKo. Implications for future research are also suggested, including the development of empirical instruments and further investigation into the effectiveness of middle leadership within the Malaysian educational context.