TOWARD A THEORY-DRIVEN FRAMEWORK FOR RESEARCH CULTURE IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS: A MALAYSIAN PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

This conceptual study explores the critical factors influencing the development of a research culture in Malaysian secondary schools. While the importance of research in promoting educational quality and teacher professional development is widely acknowledged, research engagement at the school level remains low. Drawing from the existing body of literature, this paper identifies five key constructs that shape research culture which is leadership, financial support, research facilities, academic workload, and reward systems. Based on an extensive literature review, the study proposes a conceptual framework that links leadership and resources to the establishment of a research culture. The framework offers a holistic perspective for understanding the interplay between organizational factors and teacher motivation in school-based research. This paper contributes to scholarly discourse by consolidating current knowledge on the topic and providing a theoretical foundation for future empirical investigation. The insights generated are intended to support education policymakers and school administrators in creating supportive environments that promote sustained research activity among educators.