EATING DISORDER: ANOREXIA NERVOSA

Abstract

This paper explores Anorexia Nervosa (AN), a complex eating disorder influenced by psychological, biological and social factors. Using a literature review methodology, the study identifies three key themes underlying the development of AN. Psychologically, a sense of self disgust is a prominent contributor. Biologically, neurochemical imbalances, genetic predisposition, and executive function deficits play significant roles in the onset and persistence of AN, with the latter contributing to rigid thinking, impaired decision-making, and difficulty adapting to healthier behaviors. Social factors, including weakened familial relationships, social isolation, lifestyle changes, and heightened sensitivity to social attention, may exacerbate AN by fostering a reduced positive environment and reinforcing preoccupation with external validation and self-image. The study also highlights treatment strategies such as family-based treatment, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), deep brain stimulation and medical interventions as essential approaches to managing AN. The paper also discusses the rising prevalence of AN in the context of social media and highlights early intervention strategies to mitigate its effect. From an Islamic perspective, the concept of Amanah (trust) underscores the responsibility of caring for one’s body as a divine creation, emphasizing Wasatiyyah (moderation) and self-care as core values. This study examines the interplay of psychological, biological and social factors in understanding AN, linking its prevalence to the influence of social media. It also explores the importance of early awareness and the principle of Amanah and Wasatiyyah in fostering a balanced perspective on body care.