PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING FOR MICROMOLD APPLICATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Abstract

Photopolymerization Additive Manufacturing (PAM) has emerged as a transformative technology for fabricating micromolds, offering exceptional precision in controlling micro-scale features critical for advanced manufacturing applications. Despite its potential, widespread adoption of PAM in micromolding is hindered by challenges related to material limitations, process optimization, scalability, and the integration of hybrid manufacturing approaches. This systematic literature review aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of PAM's current role in micromold applications, focusing on technological advancements, existing hurdles, and future research needs. A detailed review of peer-reviewed literature from leading databases, such as Scopus and Web of Science, was conducted, emphasizing studies published between 2022 and 2024. The review follows the PRISMA methodology, with a final selection of 28 primary studies. Three key themes were identified: (1) Vat Photopolymerization (VPP) techniques and materials, (2) applications and innovations in 3D printing, and (3) materials science and engineering in 3D printing. Notably, limitations in material diversity, difficulty in maintaining consistent layer resolution, and challenges in scaling up production remain significant barriers. The review also highlights the critical need for research into new photopolymer materials and hybrid manufacturing techniques that can enhance performance and scalability. Ultimately, addressing these issues is essential for PAM's broader industrial adoption, particularly in high-precision and high-performance manufacturing sectors.