EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF GREEN ECONOMY POLICIES IN SMELTER FACTORY AREA: QUADRUPLE HELIX PRESFECTIVE

Abstract

The high demand for mining products and the need to increase economic value have led the government to build mineral processing plants (smelters) so that local residents can have opportunities to work and increase government revenue from the tax sector. However, few studies discuss the impact of smelter construction in Indonesia, especially from the perspectives of the government, society, employees, and academics. This aligns with the 2019-2024 Indonesia’s government national research priorities (PRN), Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the Ministry of Education and Culture's vision, which includes the flagship concept of independent learning (MBKM) and the Green Economy program. The urgency of this research stems from the conflicting interests of stakeholders, which can result in suboptimal implementation of the green economy. This can lead to issues such as economic disparities between employees and local communities, environmental damage, and uneven welfare levels. The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of the green economy model in the smelter areas from a quadruple helix perspective. The study employs a qualitative research method. The stages of this research are as follows: (i) observation and identification of potential respondents; (ii) preparing participant criteria and research indicators; (iii) data collection; (iv) identification and collection of qualitative data using an ethnographic approach; (v) compiling research results; (vi) compiling research outputs; (vii) reporting and monitoring and evaluation. The results show that the presence of PT Bumi Mineral Sulawesi has had a positive impact on creating jobs and reducing unemployment, as well as improving the local economy and the welfare of the community. However, to achieve inclusive sustainable development, we must address the challenges of equitable welfare distribution and environmental impacts.