DIGITIZING LEAN SUPPLY CHAIN: THE STRATEGIC ROLE OF DIGITAL TWIN IN OPERATIONAL EXCELLENCE

Abstract

Digital Twin (DT) technology can be strategically integrated with Lean Supply Chain Management (LSCM) to improve operational excellence.  A narrative literature review was undertaken using PRISMA methods to filter over 200 peer-reviewed articles (2020–2025) using Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect.  The study uses the Technology Organization Environment (TOE) theory to describe a moderation paradigm in which technological readiness moderates the relationship between DT adoption and Supply Chain Performance.  The results imply that DT-enabled lean systems offer better visibility, predictive analytics, and scenario modelling than reactive solutions.  Integration makes lean proactive, improving efficiency, resilience, and sustainability.  The paradigm fills a crucial research vacuum by explaining how DT improves lean's success while accounting for organisational and technology factors.  Empirical testing is needed for this conceptual investigation, which will lay the groundwork for Structural Equation Modelling.  Management should link DT expenditures with organisational preparedness to prevent digital waste and maximise strategic value, according to the report.  This work advances academic scholarship and managerial practice by integrating DT, lean supply chain methods, and TOE contingencies into a theoretical model.  It shows how digital technologies and lean concepts can digitise operational excellence and create more flexible, future-ready supply chains.