COAL GANGUE AS AGGREGATE IN CONCRETE: A REVIEW ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, MODIFICATION TECHNIQUES, AND PERFORMANCE IMPACTS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35631/IJIREV.825012Keywords:
Coal Gangue Aggregate, Concrete Performance, Durability Enhancement, Modification Methods, Sustainable Construction MaterialsAbstract
This by-product that is produced by the process of coal extraction and washing, is produced in high quantities and is causing some major environmental problems. The use of coal gangue as a concrete aggregate has recently undergone extensive research as one of the strategies to utilize the waste resource. However, past research has mainly focused on either coarse or fine aggregate models, and little has been done to integrate overall performance assessment and adjustment plans. The review is a critical study of the physical, chemical, and mineralogical properties of the coal gangue in different regions of the world, and its effect on the fresh performance, mechanical behavior, and strength of coal gangue aggregate concrete (CGAC). The focus lies on enhancing performance techniques like pre-wetting, calcification, surface coating, and increased the mixture of minerals. The paper also demonstrates the presence of critical performance thresholds so that optimal levels of substitution (usually 20-40%) can result in the enhancement of the durability of CGAC. Further studies must focus on the construction of multi-dimensional models of durability assessment and field experiments to confirm the laboratory results and encourage the process of standardization of large-scale CGAC.
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