KESAHAN KONSTRUK DAN KEBOLEHPERCAYAAN INSTRUMEN SIKAP, PENGETAHUAN DAN KEMAHIRAN GURU DALAM PENGURUSAN DISIPLIN NORMA BAHARU SEKOLAH MENENGAH PEDALAMAN SABAH
CONSTRUCT VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF TEACHERS' ATTITUDE, KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS INSTRUMENT IN NEW-NORM DISCIPLINE MANAGEMENT IN RURAL SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN SABAH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35631/IJEPC.1163069Keywords:
Kebolehpercayaan Instrumen (Instrument Reliability), Kemahiran Guru (Teachers’ Skills), Kesahan Konstruk (Construct Validity), Pengurusan Disiplin Norma Baharu (New-Norm Discipline Management), Pengetahuan Guru (Teachers’ Knowledge), Sikap Guru (Teachers’ Attitudes)Abstract
Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menentukan tahap kesahan konstruk dan kebolehpercayaan instrumen yang dibangunkan bagi mengukur sikap, pengetahuan dan kemahiran guru serta pengurusan disiplin norma baharu di sekolah menengah pedalaman Sabah. Pengujian instrumen yang sistematik penting bagi memastikan setiap konstruk yang diukur benar-benar mewakili aspek yang hendak dikaji dan sesuai digunakan dalam penyelidikan sebenar. Kajian rintis ini melibatkan seramai 100 orang guru sekolah menengah pedalaman Sabah dan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Instrumen kajian merangkumi empat konstruk utama, iaitu sikap guru, pengetahuan guru, kemahiran guru dan pengurusan disiplin norma baharu. Analisis data dilaksanakan menggunakan Analisis Faktor Penerokaan (EFA) untuk menilai struktur faktor instrumen serta pekali Cronbach's alpha untuk menentukan konsistensi dalaman item. Hasil analisis menunjukkan nilai Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) berada antara .878 hingga .929 dan Ujian Bartlett adalah signifikan, menandakan data memenuhi syarat untuk analisis faktor. Dapatan turut memperlihatkan bahawa konstruk sikap dan pengetahuan terdiri daripada dua komponen, konstruk kemahiran terdiri daripada satu komponen, manakala konstruk pengurusan disiplin norma baharu menghasilkan lapan komponen utama dengan jumlah varians diterangkan antara 76.53% hingga 87.54%. Selain itu, semua konstruk mencatatkan nilai Cronbach's alpha melebihi .90 yang menunjukkan tahap kebolehpercayaan yang sangat memuaskan. Secara keseluruhannya, instrumen yang dibangunkan mempunyai ciri psikometrik yang baik dan sesuai digunakan dalam kajian berkaitan pengurusan disiplin norma baharu, khususnya dalam konteks sekolah menengah pedalaman Sabah.
This study was conducted to examine the construct validity and reliability of an instrument developed to measure teachers' attitudes, knowledge, skills, and new-norm discipline management in rural secondary schools in Sabah. Establishing the psychometric quality of an instrument is essential to ensure that the intended constructs are measured accurately and consistently before its application in the actual study. A quantitative pilot study involving 100 teachers from rural secondary schools in Sabah was undertaken. The instrument comprised four principal constructs, namely teachers' attitudes, teachers' knowledge, teachers' skills, and new-norm discipline management. Data analysis employed Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) to evaluate the underlying factor structure and Cronbach's alpha coefficient to assess internal consistency. The results demonstrated that Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) values ranged from .878 to .929, while Bartlett's Test of Sphericity was statistically significant, indicating the suitability of the data for factor analysis. The attitude and knowledge constructs each produced two components, the skills construct yielded a single component, and the new-norm discipline management construct generated eight principal components with total variance explained ranging from 76.53% to 87.54%. Furthermore, all constructs recorded Cronbach's alpha values exceeding .90, reflecting excellent reliability. Overall, the findings indicate that the instrument possesses satisfactory validity and reliability and is appropriate for use in studies related to new-norm discipline management, particularly within the context of rural secondary schools in Sabah.
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