PERBEZAAN INSĀN AL-KĀMIL DAN TUHAN DALAM PANDANGAN IBN ᶜARABI

THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN INSĀN AL-KĀMIL AND GOD IN IBN ᶜARABI'S VIEW

Abstract

Pemikiran Ibn ᶜArabi dikatakan sebagai menyatukan Tuhan dengan Insān Al-Kāmil. Permasalahan kajian disebabkan pemikiran ini merupakan pengaruh fahaman Platonisme Yunani, Panteisme, Ḣulūl Syiah Ismai’iliyyah dan Ittiḣād Bathiniyyah yang menyamakan Tuhan dengan Insān Al-Kāmil. Maka objektif kajian ini cuba mengenal pembezaan antara Tuhan dan Insān Al-Kāmil. Skop kajian ini meneliti aspek ketuhanan dan insan dalam tekstual beliau. Metodologi kajian dengan mengumpul data daripada karangan beliau dan menganalisa kandunga. Hasil kajian mendapati Tuhan di sisi beliau menepati Akidah Ahli Sunnah Wal Jama’ah Al-Asyairah. Malah berlaku pembezaan yang sangat ketara antara Tuhan dan Insān Al-Kāmil. Hasil analisa tersebut mendapati konsep Insān Al-Kāmil merupakan makhluk Allah yang mencapai sifat-sifat yang mulia sebagai manifestasi kepada cerminan Allah di alam ini.

Ibn ᶜArabi's thought is said to unite God with Insān Al-Kāmil. The problem of the study is due to this thinking which is the influence of Greek Platonism, Pantheism, Ḣulūl Shia Ismai'iliyyah and Ittiḣād Bathiniyyah which equates God with Insān Al-Kāmil. So the objective of this study is to try to identify the difference between God and Insān Al-Kāmil. The scope of this study examines the divine and human aspects of his text. Research methodology by collecting data from his essays and analyzing the content. The results of the study found that God by his side conforms to the Creed of Ahli Sunnah Wal Jama'ah Al-Asyairah. There is even a very significant distinction between God and Insān Al-Kāmil. The results of the analysis found that the concept of Insān Al-Kāmil is a creature of God who achieves noble qualities as a manifestation of God's reflection in this world.