PERANAN TARANNUM DALAM MEMELIHARA WARISAN BAHASA DAN PERADABAN ISLAM: KAJIAN SISTEMATIK LITERATUR

THE ROLE OF TARANNUM IN PRESERVING THE HERITAGE OF ISLAMIC LANGUAGE AND CIVILIZATION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE STUDY

Abstract

Tarannum merupakan seni bacaan al-Quran yang diwarisi turun-temurun dan berperanan penting dalam memelihara warisan bahasa Arab serta peradaban Islam. Namun, penguasaan tarannum dalam kalangan generasi muda semakin merosot, penekanannya dalam kurikulum formal semakin terpinggir, kajian ilmiah yang komprehensif merentasi dimensi linguistik, pendidikan dan budaya masih terhad, pendekatan pengajaran serta integrasi teknologi belum berkembang luas dan wujud risiko tarannum dilihat sekadar ritual tanpa peranan strategik dalam pembinaan jati diri umat. Berdasarkan permasalahan ini, kajian ini dijalankan menggunakan pendekatan Kajian Sistematik Literatur (Systematic Literature Review) bagi meneliti dan menganalisis secara menyeluruh peranan tarannum dalam pemeliharaan bahasa dan budaya Islam. Data dikumpulkan melalui carian literatur dari pangkalan data utama seperti Scopus, Web of Science dan Google Scholar. Pemilihan artikel dilakukan berdasarkan kriteria inklusi yang merangkumi kajian tentang tarannum, pendidikan al-Quran dan warisan budaya Islam. Artikel yang terpilih dianalisis secara naratif mengikut tema. Hasil kajian mengenal pasti empat tema utama: (i) peranan tarannum dalam memantapkan sebutan dan pemahaman bahasa Arab, (ii) tarannum sebagai warisan budaya Islam, (iii) tokoh dan institusi pelestari tarannum, dan (iv) cabaran serta inovasi semasa. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahawa tarannum ialah medium linguistik, pendidikan dan budaya yang signifikan serta kekal relevan dalam pembinaan jati diri umat Islam masa kini. Implikasi kajian ini membuka ruang kepada penyelidikan lanjut berkaitan aplikasi digital, pengajaran inovatif dan dokumentasi ilmu tarannum dalam kerangka pendidikan Islam kontemporari.

Tarannum, the art of melodious Qur’anic recitation, has been inherited through generations and plays a vital role in preserving the Arabic language and Islamic civilization. However, mastery of tarannum among the younger generation is declining; its emphasis within formal curricula is diminishing; comprehensive scholarly research across linguistic, educational, and cultural dimensions remains limited; pedagogical innovation and technology integration are still underdeveloped; and there is a risk of tarannum being perceived merely as a ritual without a strategic role in shaping the Muslim identity. In response to these issues, this study adopts a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach to examine and analyse comprehensively the role of tarannum in preserving the Arabic language and Islamic cultural heritage. Data were collected from major databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Article selection followed inclusion criteria covering studies on tarannum, Qur’anic education, and Islamic cultural heritage. The selected articles were analysed narratively according to thematic categorization. The findings identified four main themes: (i) the role of tarannum in enhancing pronunciation accuracy and comprehension of the Arabic language, (ii) tarannum as part of Islamic cultural heritage, (iii) the role of notable figures and institutions in sustaining tarannum, and (iv) contemporary challenges and innovations. The study concludes that tarannum serves as a significant linguistic, educational, and cultural medium, remaining relevant to the identity formation of contemporary Muslim societies. The implications of this research open opportunities for further studies on digital applications, innovative teaching approaches, and systematic documentation of tarannum within the framework of contemporary Islamic education.