MERANGKA HUJAH BERSTRUKTUR: PROTOKOL KAJIAN INTERVENSI PETA POKOK DAN PETA ALIR (I-THINK) DALAM PENULISAN KARANGAN FAKTA BAHASA MELAYU
STRUCTURING ARGUMENTS: AN INTERVENTION STUDY PROTOCOL ON TREE MAPS AND FLOW MAPS (I-THINK) IN MALAY LANGUAGE FACTUAL ESSAY WRITING
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35631/IJMOE.830019Keywords:
Protokol Kajian (Study Protocol), Peta Pokok (Tree Map), Peta Alir (Flow Map), Karangan Fakta Bahasa Melayu (Malay Language Factual Essay), Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi (Higher Order Thinking Skills)Abstract
Artikel ini membentangkan protokol kajian bagi menilai potensi intervensi Peta Pokok dan Peta Alir (i-Think) sebagai perancah visual dalam meningkatkan kemahiran menulis karangan fakta Bahasa Melayu dalam kalangan pelajar Tingkatan 4 di negeri Pahang. Kemahiran menulis menuntut keupayaan pelajar menyusun isi secara logik dan menyampaikan hujah yang kukuh. Walau bagaimanapun, Laporan Analisis Keputusan SPM 2023 menunjukkan lebih 40 peratus calon gagal mencapai tahap cemerlang dalam komponen penulisan karangan berbentuk fakta. Sebahagian besarnya didorong oleh kesukaran membina isi hujah yang tersusun dan mengekalkan kesinambungan idea antara perenggan. Bagi merungkai permasalahan ini, satu kajian kuasi-eksperimen praujian-pascaujian dicadangkan melibatkan sampel 120 orang pelajar yang dibahagikan secara setara kepada kumpulan eksperimen dan kumpulan kawalan. Instrumen kajian akan dinilai menggunakan rubrik pemarkahan standard meliputi dimensi Tugasan, Idea, Bahasa, dan Pengolahan (TIBP). Dalam cadangan intervensi ini, pengaplikasian Peta Pokok difokuskan untuk mengelompokkan idea dan struktur karangan secara hierarki, manakala Peta Alir digunakan untuk merangka urutan kesinambungan hujah yang kohesif. Protokol kajian ini dijangka dapat menyediakan panduan metodologi yang utuh ke arah pemerkasaan pedagogi bahasa berteraskan Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi (KBAT).
This article presents a study protocol to evaluate the potential of Tree Map and Flow Map (i-THINK) interventions as visual scaffolds in improving Malay Language factual essay writing skills among Form 4 students in the state of Pahang. Writing skills demand the ability of students to organize points logically and present strong arguments. However, the 2023 SPM Results Analysis Report indicates that over 40 percent of candidates failed to achieve an excellent level in the factual essay writing component. This is largely driven by difficulties in constructing structured argumentative points and maintaining the continuity of ideas between paragraphs. To address this issue, a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study is proposed, involving a sample of 120 students divided equally into an experimental group and a control group. The research instruments will be evaluated using a standard scoring rubric covering the dimensions of Task, Idea, Language, and Organization (TIBP). In this proposed intervention, the application of Tree Maps is focused on grouping ideas and essay structures hierarchically, while Flow Maps are used to draft a cohesive sequential continuity of arguments. This study protocol is expected to provide a robust methodological guide towards empowering language pedagogy based on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS).
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