A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW ON INTERFUSION AUGMENTED REALITY MODEL (IARM) BASED ON IMMERSIVE ENVIRONMENT, ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY AND AFFECTIVE DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED INTERACTION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35631/JISTM.1143007Keywords:
Augmented Reality, Assistive Technology, Affective Design Immersive Environment, Interaction Experience, Visually ImpairedAbstract
Augmented Reality (AR) has emerged as a promising technology for enhancing interaction experiences quality and well-being for visually impaired (VI) users. However, existing solutions are often fragmented, focusing on isolated components such as visual enhancement, auditory navigation, or assistive functionalities without a unified integration framework. While existing systematic literature reviews (SLR) have focused on AR’s impact across various domains such as education, healthcare, and entertainment, there has been limited attention to AR’s applications designed for visually impaired individuals, particularly in their failure to incorporate affective design principles. This study aims to systematically review current AR-based and immersive technologies for visually impaired interaction and identify key components that contribute to effective user experience. A systematic literature review (SLR) was conducted following the PRISMA approach using three databases: Scopus, IEEE Xplore, and Web of Science. A total of 90 records were identified, with 62 remaining after duplicate removal. Following title, abstract, and full-text screening, 24 studies were included for analysis. The findings reveal four dominant themes: assistive navigation and spatial awareness, multisensory interaction, affective and adaptive interaction, and AR-based accessibility enhancement. Despite advancements in each area, the results indicate a lack of integration across these components. Based on these findings, this study proposes a conceptual direction towards an Interfusion Augmented Reality Model (IARM), which emphasizes the integration of immersive, assistive, affective, and AR elements to enhance visually impaired interaction experiences. This study contributes to the development of unified and user-centred AR accessibility frameworks by integrating immersive, assistive, affective, and interaction-oriented design components into a single conceptual direction through the proposed Interfusion Augmented Reality Model (IARM). The framework provides a structured reference for researchers, designers, and developers in designing more holistic, adaptive, and multisensory AR interaction experiences for visually impaired users.
Downloads
References
Annamalai, P., Shanmugam, G., Sangeetha, S., Uma Mageswari, R., Sujatha, S., & Vicky Sam Peter, V. (2025). AR Navigation System for Guidance of Visually Impaired Individuals Using IoT and Reinforcement Learning. Proceedings of the 2025 11th International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing, ICCSP 2025, 1843–1848. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSP64183.2025.11089243
Cossovich, R., Hodges, S., Kang, J., & Girouard, A. (2023). Co-designing new keyboard and mouse solutions with people living with motor impairments. The 25th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1145/3597638.3614549
Dang, K., & Lee, S. (2025). Personalized Conversational Audio Descriptions in 360° Virtual Reality for Blind and Low-Vision Users. 961–962. https://doi.org/10.1109/ismar-adjunct68609.2025.00268
Garzón, J. (2021). An overview of twenty-five years of augmented reality in education. In Multimodal Technologies and Interaction (Vol. 5, Number 7). MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/mti5070037
Gregg, J., Kearney, G., & Ward, L. (2022). Using enhanced audio to create an accessible mobile augmented reality app for visually impaired users. http://www.aes.org/e-lib
Guarese, R., Polson, D., & Zambetta, F. (2023). Immersive tele-guidance towards evoking empathy with people who are vision impaired. Proceedings - 2023 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality Adjunct, ISMAR-Adjunct 2023, 809–814. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISMAR-Adjunct60411.2023.00179
Huang, J., Kinateder, M., Dunn, M. J., Jarosz, W., Yang, X. D., & Cooper, E. A. (2019). An augmented reality sign-reading assistant for users with reduced vision. PLoS ONE, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210630
Janapati, M., Naveen, B. V., Sanuth Reddy, M. S., & Dinesh, B. S. (2024). Revolutionizing Education for Visually Impaired Students Using Augmented Reality. 5th International Conference on Sustainable Communication Networks and Application, ICSCNA 2024 - Proceedings, 1387–1393. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSCNA63714.2024.10863937
Kitchenham, B. (2007). Guidelines for performing Systematic Literature Reviews in Software Engineering. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/302924724
Koulouris, D., Zaras, O., Menychtas, A., Tsanakas, P., & Maglogiannis, I. (2025). On the Utilization of SLAM for Obstacle Detection in Commodity Mobile Devices. https://doi.org/10.1109/OJID.2025.3592064
Maman, L., Vol, I., & Szpiro, S. F. A. (2025). Enhancing Obstacle Visibility with Augmented Reality Improves Mobility in People with Low Vision. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 31(5), 3336–3343. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2025.3549542
Nguyen, M., Zhu, H., Sun, H., Nguyen, V., Deverell, L., Singh, A., Jin, C., & Lin, C. T. (2023). An Evaluation of the Presentation of Acoustic Cues for Shorelining Techniques. 2023 Immersive and 3D Audio: From Architecture to Automotive, I3DA 2023. https://doi.org/10.1109/I3DA57090.2023.10288622
Paananen, V., Kiarostami, M. S., Lee, L.-H., Braud, T., & Kong, H. (2022). From Digital Media to Empathic Reality: A Systematic Review of Empathy Research in Extended Reality Environments; From Digital Media to Empathic Reality: A Systematic Review of Empathy Research in Extended Reality Environments. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.36316.05769
Sherly, P. S., & Velvizhy, P. (2024). “Idol talks!” AI-driven image to text to speech: illustrated by an application to images of deities. Heritage Science, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-024-01490-0
Zhang, L., Wu, K., Yang, B., Tang, H., & Zhu, Z. (2020). Exploring Virtual Environments by Visually Impaired Using a Mixed Reality Cane without Visual Feedback. Adjunct Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality, ISMAR-Adjunct 2020, 51–56. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISMAR-Adjunct51615.2020.00028
Zhu, S., Nguyen, M., Mascelloni, M., Zhu, H., Chia, R., Singh, A., Lin, C. T., & Jin, C. (2025). Comparing Methods for Generating Binaural Room Impulse Responses for Auditory Navigation in Indoor AR. 2025 Immersive and 3D Audio: From Architecture to Automotive, I3DA 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/I3DA65421.2025.11202115
